ABSTRACT The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is well adapted in most regions of the eastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India. Despite its socio-economic importance, little is known about the prevalence of ectoparasites of buffalo in this region. We aimed to identify buffalo ectoparasite (tick) prevalence in the eastern part of Uttar Pradesh and to determine the possible risk factors associated with tick infestation. A cross-sectional study was conducted by sampling 120 farms and 1264 buffaloes for ectoparasites. Of the buffaloes sampled, 59.8% (756/1264) had tick infestation from the species Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum. The prevalence of infestation of buffalo with tick was associated with sex [male (78.5%); female (51.8%)] (OR: 1.68; P < 0.05), age [buffaloes of (1–12 months) (97.2%); buffaloes of (>24 months) (24.3%)] (OR: 4.2; P < 0.05) and origin [brought from other farm (81.1%); born in same farm (54.2%)] (OR: 1.6; P < 0.03). Buffaloes bred in the eastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India present high level of tick infestation probably due to the climatic and poor sanitary conditions of the region.

中文翻译：

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印度北方邦东部水牛蜱虫感染的流行率和危险因素

摘要水牛（Bubalus bubalis）在印度北方邦东部的大部分地区都非常适应。尽管具有社会经济重要性，但对该地区水牛体外寄生虫的流行情况知之甚少。我们旨在确定北方邦东部水牛体外寄生虫（蜱）的流行情况，并确定与蜱感染相关的可能风险因素。通过对 120 个农场和 1264 头水牛进行外寄生虫抽样，进行了横断面研究。在采样的水牛中，59.8% (756/1264) 有来自 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus 和 Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum 的蜱侵染。水牛蜱感染的流行率与性别有关 [男性 (78.5%); 雌性 (51.8%)]（OR：1.68；P < 0.05），年龄 [水牛（1-12 个月）（97.2%）；水牛 (> 24 个月) (24.3%)] (OR: 4.2; P < 0.05) 和原产地 [来自其他农场 (81.1%); 在同一农场出生 (54.2%)] (OR: 1.6; P < 0.03)。在印度北方邦东部繁殖的水牛呈现出高水平的蜱虫感染，这可能是由于该地区的气候和卫生条件差。