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Characterizing Tropical Cyclones in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model Version 1
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-08 , DOI: 10.1029/2019ms002024
Karthik Balaguru 1 , L. Ruby Leung 1 , Luke P. Van Roekel 2 , Jean‐Christophe Golaz 3 , Paul A. Ullrich 4 , Peter M. Caldwell 3 , Samson M. Hagos 1 , Bryce E. Harrop 1 , Azamat Mametjanov 5
Affiliation  

In this study, we analyze the realism with which tropical cyclones (TCs) are simulated in the fully coupled low‐ and high‐resolution Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 1, with a focus on the latter. Compared to the low‐resolution (grid spacing of 1°), the representation of TCs improves considerably in the high‐resolution configuration (grid spacing of 0.25°). Significant improvements are found in the global TC frequency, TC lifetime maximum intensities, and the relative distribution of TCs among the different basins. However, at both resolutions, spurious TC activity is found in some basins, notably in the subtropical regions. Contrasting the simulated large‐scale TC environment with observations reveals that the model environment is unrealistically conducive for TC development in those regions. Further analysis indicates that these biases are likely related to those in thermodynamic potential intensity, caused by systematic SST biases, and vertical wind shear in the coupled model. TC‐ocean interaction is also examined in the high‐resolution configuration of the model. The salient features of the ocean's response to TC‐induced mixing and the ocean's impact on TC intensification are well‐reproduced. Finally, an evaluation of the influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on TCs in the high‐resolution configuration of the model reveals that the ENSO‐TC relationship in the model has the right sign and is significant for the North Atlantic and Northwest Pacific, albeit weaker than in observations. In summary, the high‐resolution configuration of the E3SM model simulates TC activity reasonably and hence could be a useful tool for TC‐related research.

中文翻译:

能源亿亿地球系统模型版本1中的热带气旋特征

在本研究中,我们分析了在完全耦合的低分辨率和高分辨率能量亿亿地球系统模型(E3SM)版本1中模拟热带气旋(TC)的现实性,重点是后者。相较于低分辨率(网格间距1°),TC的表示显着地改善了在高分辨率配置(网格间距0.25°)。在全球TC频率,TC寿命最大强度以及不同流域之间TC的相对分布方面发现了重大改进。但是,在这两种分辨率下,在某些盆地,特别是在亚热带地区,都发现了伪TC活动。将模拟的大型TC环境与观测结果进行对比,发现该模型环境对于这些地区的TC发展是不切实际的。进一步的分析表明,这些偏差可能与系统性SST偏差和耦合模型中的垂直风切变引起的热力学势强度有关。在模型的高分辨率配置中还检查了TC-海洋相互作用。海洋对TC引起的混合和海洋的反应的显着特征 对TC强化的影响已被很好地再现。最后,在模型的高分辨率配置中对厄尔尼诺南方涛动(ENSO)对热带气旋的影响的评估显示,模型中的ENSO-TC关系具有正确的征兆,对于北大西洋和西北太平洋具有重要意义,尽管比观察结果要弱。总之,E3SM模型的高分辨率配置可以合理地模拟TC活动,因此可能是进行TC相关研究的有用工具。
更新日期:2020-08-08
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