The concept of ecosystem services (ES) creates understanding of the value of ecosystems for human well-being. With regard to soils, it provides a framework for assessments of soil contributions and soil management impacts. However, a lack of standardization impedes comparisons between assessment studies and the building of synthesis information. The Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) is an important step forward, although its application to soils is not without difficulty. CICES version 5.1 defines 83 ES classes, of which only some are relevant for soils. We compiled two subsets of CICES classes: one set of soil-related ES comprising 29 services defined as directly and quantifiably controlled by soils and their properties, processes and functions, and another set of 40 ES defined as being affected by agricultural soil management. Additionally, we conducted a systematic literature review, searching for published lists of soil-related ES that claim completeness. We identified 11 relevant lists. Of all CICES classes, 12 were included in more than 75% of the lists, whereas another 36 classes were included in 25–75% of them. Regarding the suitability of the CICES classification for addressing ES in the context of soils and their agricultural management, we identified constraints, such as overlaps, gaps, and highly specific or very broad class definitions. Close cooperation between the soil research and ES communities could ensure better consideration of soils in future CICES updates. A shortlist of 25 service classes affected by agricultural soil management facilitates a standardized approach and may function as checklists in impact assessments.

中文翻译：

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实现与土壤相关的生态系统服务评估的标准化

生态系统服务 (ES) 的概念有助于理解生态系统对人类福祉的价值。关于土壤，它提供了一个评估土壤贡献和土壤管理影响的框架。然而，缺乏标准化阻碍了评估研究和综合信息构建之间的比较。国际生态系统服务通用分类 (CICES) 是向前迈出的重要一步，尽管将其应用于土壤并非没有困难。CICES 5.1 版定义了 83 个 ES 类，其中只有一些与土壤相关。我们编译了 CICES 类的两个子集：一组与土壤相关的 ES 包含 29 项服务，这些服务被定义为由土壤及其属性、过程和功能直接和可量化地控制，. 此外，我们进行了系统的文献回顾，搜索声称完整的土壤相关 ES 的已发布列表。我们确定了 11 个相关列表。在所有 CICES 类别中，有 12 个类别包含在超过 75% 的列表中，而另外 36 个类别包含在其中 25-75% 的列表中。关于 CICES 分类在土壤及其农业管理背景下解决 ES 的适用性，我们确定了限制因素，例如重叠、差距和高度具体或非常广泛的类别定义。土壤研究和 ES 社区之间的密切合作可以确保在未来的 CICES 更新中更好地考虑土壤。受农业土壤管理影响的 25 个服务类别的候选清单有助于采用标准化方法，并可作为影响评估的清单。