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Biotransformation fate and sustainable mitigation of a potentially toxic element of mercury from environmental matrices
Arabian Journal of Chemistry ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.06.041
Pengfei Duan , Suliman Khan , Nisar Ali , Muhammad Adnan Shereen , Rabeea Siddique , Barkat Ali , Hafiz M.N. Iqbal , Ghulam Nabi , Wasim Sajjad , Muhammad Bilal

Abstract The deposition of potentially toxic mercury (Hg) in various ecosystems and subsequent entry into the food chain pose serious concerns to the ecosystem, biodiversity, and public health. In terms of toxicity, Hg is considered as a neurotoxin and capable to augment in food chains and bind to the thiol functional entity in living tissue. Moreover, methylated mercury (CH3Hg+) is a highly toxic form of mercury and extremely difficult to remove from living bodies. Mercury methylation is mainly conducted by microbial and/or chemical processes under appropriate conditions. The mechanisms associated with mercury methylation inside the environment, their sources, production/degradation rate, and transport into the living organisms are not well understood. In addition, efficient and sustainable remediation strategies are essential to employ for mercury removal. Therefore, this review signifies a possible mechanism for mercury methylation and its transportation in the environment, including molecular mechanisms and genes associated with microbial-mediated mercury methylation, and identifies the gaps in existing research. The transport of Hg into the human body and associated health risks are given with suitable examples. Moreover, the escalating anthropogenic activities, the rate-limiting factors, and the sustainable remediation strategies implemented for mercury removal from the environment are discussed. This study will provide a scientific base, direction, and progress in future studies.

中文翻译:

环境基质中潜在有毒汞元素的生物转化归宿和可持续缓解

摘要 具有潜在毒性的汞 (Hg) 在各种生态系统中的沉积和随后进入食物链对生态系统、生物多样性和公共健康构成严重关切。在毒性方面,汞被认为是一种神经毒素,能够在食物链中增加并与活组织中的硫醇功能实体结合。此外,甲基化汞 (CH3Hg+) 是一种剧毒形式的汞,极难从生物体内去除。汞甲基化主要在适当条件下通过微生物和/或化学过程进行。与环境中的汞甲基化相关的机制、它们的来源、生产/降解率以及向活生物体中的运输尚不清楚。此外,有效和可持续的补救战略对于去除汞至关重要。因此,本综述表明了汞甲基化及其在环境中运输的可能机制,包括与微生物介导的汞甲基化相关的分子机制和基因,并确定了现有研究的差距。以合适的例子给出了汞进入人体的传输和相关的健康风险。此外,还讨论了不断升级的人为活动、限速因素以及为从环境中去除汞而实施的可持续修复策略。这项研究将为未来的研究提供科学基础、方向和进展。该审查表明汞甲基化及其在环境中运输的可能机制,包括与微生物介导的汞甲基化相关的分子机制和基因,并确定了现有研究中的差距。以合适的例子给出了汞进入人体的传输和相关的健康风险。此外,还讨论了不断升级的人为活动、限速因素以及为从环境中去除汞而实施的可持续修复策略。这项研究将为未来的研究提供科学基础、方向和进展。该审查表明汞甲基化及其在环境中运输的可能机制,包括与微生物介导的汞甲基化相关的分子机制和基因,并确定了现有研究中的差距。以合适的例子给出了汞进入人体的传输和相关的健康风险。此外,还讨论了不断升级的人为活动、限速因素以及为从环境中去除汞而实施的可持续修复策略。这项研究将为未来的研究提供科学基础、方向和进展。以合适的例子给出了汞进入人体的传输和相关的健康风险。此外,还讨论了不断升级的人为活动、限速因素以及为从环境中去除汞而实施的可持续修复策略。这项研究将为未来的研究提供科学基础、方向和进展。以合适的例子给出了汞进入人体的传输和相关的健康风险。此外,还讨论了不断升级的人为活动、限速因素以及为从环境中去除汞而实施的可持续修复策略。这项研究将为未来的研究提供科学基础、方向和进展。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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