To reduce the thermal deformation of ball screws, a novel approach inspired by silver ants is proposed. The Saharan silver ant maintains low body temperatures in one of the hottest terrestrial environments by radiating heat to the surrounding environment. Inspired by this, bio-inspired graphene-coated ball screws, which can enhance heat dissipation due to radiative heat dissipation of graphene coating, are designed to reduce the temperature and thermal deformation further. Finite element analysis is conducted to validate the excellent performance of the proposed bionic design in reducing thermal deformation. In order to verify the advantage of this method, comparative experiments between graphene-coated ball screws and the ordinary one are carried out on a self-designed test bed as well. The result shows that the bio-inspired design obviously reduced the temperature rise, thermal deformation, and temperature balance time. This bio-inspired approach will provide a new idea to solve the thermal issue of machine tools.

为了减少滚珠丝杠的热变形，提出了一种受银蚁启发的新颖方法。撒哈拉银蚁通过向周围环境辐射热量，在最热的陆地环境之一中保持较低的体温。受此启发，生物启发的石墨烯涂层滚珠丝杠可通过降低石墨烯涂层的辐射散热而增强散热性能，旨在进一步降低温度和热变形。进行了有限元分析，以验证拟议的仿生设计在减少热变形方面的出色性能。为了验证该方法的优势，在自行设计的试验台上也进行了石墨烯涂层滚珠丝杠与普通滚珠丝杠之间的对比实验。结果表明，以生物为灵感的设计明显减少了温度上升，热变形和温度平衡时间。这种以生物为灵感的方法将提供解决机床热问题的新思路。