The concrete expanded pile is a new type of pile in the field of foundation engineering, which exhibits improved performance compared to the ordinary straight-hole pile. The expanded technique increases the bearing capacity of the pile, changes the overall load-bearing function of the pile body, and offers great development prospects. While the performance of the expanded pile has been studied for vertical loading, the performance of expanded pile when subjected to horizontal loading is not adequately understood. In order to investigate the performance of concrete expanded pile in resisting horizontal loads, particularly the anti-overturning capacity of rigid and flexible piles, this paper conducts an experimental model test and performs a numerical simulation. In the experiment, an innovative model test method is used for testing small-scale half-face pile with undisturbed soil. A custom-made soil extractor and a loading device are used to observe various stages of pile-soil interaction in real-time during the whole process of loading. Meanwhile, finite element simulation analysis is conducted on a pile model and the corresponding data on displacement, load, stress, and strain are collected to verify the experimental results. Based on the horizontal bearing capacity of rigid and flexible piles and the failure states of soil mass around the piles, two calculation models are proposed for the horizontal bearing capacity of rigid and flexible concrete expanded piles. The models will provide reliable theoretical guidance for the application of concrete expanded pile in engineering applications and for the research and development of pile foundation.

中文翻译：

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刚性和柔性混凝土膨胀桩在水平荷载下的抗倾覆承载力

混凝土膨胀桩是基础工程领域中的新型桩，与普通的直孔桩相比，其性能有所提高。扩展的技术可以增加桩的承载力，改变桩体的整体承重功能，具有广阔的发展前景。尽管已经研究了在垂直载荷下膨胀桩的性能，但是对于水平载荷下的膨胀桩的性能却没有足够的了解。为了研究混凝土膨胀桩抵抗水平荷载的性能，特别是刚性和柔性桩的抗倾覆能力，本文进行了试验模型测试并进行了数值模拟。在实验中 一种创新的模型测试方法用于测试未受扰动的小规模半面桩。使用定制的土壤提取器和加载装置，可在加载的整个过程中实时观察桩-土相互作用的各个阶段。同时，对桩模型进行了有限元模拟分析，并收集了相应的位移，载荷，应力和应变数据，以验证实验结果。根据刚性和柔性桩的水平承载力以及桩周围土体的破坏状态，提出了两种刚性和柔性混凝土膨胀桩的水平承载力计算模型。