Scale mismatches in social–ecological systems constrain conservation by obscuring signals of environmental change, which could otherwise feed back to inform adaptive responses and solutions. We argue that engaging indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLC) in place-based environmental management could generate the fine-resolution information and workforce needed to alleviate scale mismatches. We illustrate our argument using a case study initiated by Māori in Aotearoa/New Zealand and demonstrate that the current broad scales of hunting regulation and assessment in black swan (kakī anau, Cygnus atratus) management could obscure local ecological drivers of populations. Many IPLC can facilitate adaptive place-based management by continually monitoring ecological feedbacks (e.g., population numbers, habitat conditions) at fine resolutions through customary resource use and observations. However, disregard for IPLC rights, scepticism of traditional ecological knowledge, restricted opportunity to connect with resources, compartmentalization of resource management, and insufficient funding limit IPLC engagement and must be overcome to alleviate scale mismatches.

中文翻译：

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使土著人民和地方社区参与环境管理可以减轻社会生态系统的规模错配

社会生态系统中的规模失配会通过掩盖环境变化的信号来限制保护，否则可能会反馈以告知适应性对策和解决方案。我们认为，让土著人民和地方社区（IPLC）参与基于位置的环境管理可以产生减少规模不匹配所需的高分辨率信息和劳动力。我们使用由毛利人发起的案例研究来说明我们的论点，该案例是在新西兰的奥特阿罗阿进行的，并证明了目前在黑天鹅（kakīanau，天鹅座）管理中广泛的狩猎调节和评估规模可能掩盖了当地人口的生态驱动力。许多IPLC可以通过持续监控生态反馈（例如人口数量，栖息地条件）通过惯常的资源使用和观察以高分辨率解决。但是，无视IPLC权利，对传统生态知识的怀疑，与资源联系的机会有限，资源管理的分区化以及资金不足限制了IPLC的参与，必须加以克服以减轻规模不匹配的情况。