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Effects of bismuth subsalicylate and encapsulated calcium ammonium nitrate on ruminal fermentation of beef cattle.
Journal of Animal Science ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-08 , DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa199
Darren D Henry 1, 2 , Francine M Ciriaco 2 , Rafael C Araujo 3, 4 , Pedro L P Fontes 5 , Nicola Oosthuizen 6 , Sebastian E Mejia-Turcios 2 , Mariana E Garcia-Ascolani 1 , Lautaro Rostoll-Cangiano 1 , Tessa M Schulmeister 1 , Jose C B Dubeux 1 , G Cliff Lamb 6 , Nicolas DiLorenzo 1
Affiliation  

A replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design with a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of treatments was used to determine the effects of bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) and encapsulated calcium ammonium nitrate (eCAN) on ruminal fermentation of beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay (Paspalum notatum) and sugarcane molasses. Ten ruminally cannulated steers (n = 8; 461 ± 148 kg of body weight [BW]; average BW ± SD) and heifers (n = 2; 337 ± 74 kg of BW) were randomly assigned to one of five treatments as follows: 1) 2.7 g/kg of BW of molasses (NCTRL), 2) NCTRL + 182 mg/kg of BW of urea (U), 3) U + 58.4 mg/kg of BW of BSS (UB), 4) NCTRL + 538 mg/kg of BW of eCAN (NIT), and 5) NIT + 58.4 mg/kg of BW of BSS (NITB). With the exception of NCTRL, all treatments were isonitrogenous. Beginning on day 14 of each period, ruminal fluid was collected and rectal temperature was recorded 4× per day for 3 d to determine ruminal changes every 2 h from 0 to 22 h post-feeding. Ruminal gas cap samples were collected at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h on day 0 of each period followed by 0 h on days 1, 2, 3, and 14. Microbial N flow was determined using Cr-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, YbCl3, and indigestible neutral detergent fiber for liquid, small particle, and large particle phases, respectively. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Orthogonal contrasts were used to evaluate the effects of nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) inclusion, NPN source, BSS, and NPN source × BSS. There was no treatment effect (P > 0.05) on concentrations of H2S on day 0, 1, 2, or 14; however, on day 3, concentrations of H2S were reduced (P = 0.018) when NPN was provided. No effect of treatment (P = 0.864) occurred for ruminal pH. There was an effect of NPN source on total concentrations of VFA (P = 0.011), where a 6% reduction occurred when eCAN was provided. There were effects of NPN (P = 0.001) and NPN source (P = 0.009) on the concentration of NH3-N, where cattle consuming NPN had a greater concentration than those not consuming NPN, and eCAN reduced the concentration compared with urea. Total concentrations of VFA and NH3-N were not affected (P > 0.05) by BSS. There was an effect of BSS (P = 0.009) on rectal temperature, where cattle not consuming BSS had greater temperatures than those receiving BSS. No differences for NPN, NPN source, nor BSS (P > 0.05) were observed for microbial N flow. In conclusion, eCAN does not appear to deliver equivalent ruminal fermentation parameters compared with urea, and BSS has limited effects on fermentation.

中文翻译:

水杨酸铋和胶囊化硝酸铵钙对肉牛瘤胃发酵的影响。

采用重复的5×5拉丁方设计和2×2 +1处理的排列方式来确定碱式水杨酸铋(BSS)和封装的硝酸钙铵(eCAN)对食用Bahiagrass干草(Paspalum)的肉牛瘤胃发酵的影响notatum)和甘蔗糖蜜。十个瘤胃插管ste牛(n = 8;体重[ BW ] 461±148 kg ;平均BW±SD)和小母牛(n = 2; 337±74 kg BW)被随机分配到以下五个处理之一: 1)糖蜜BW 2.7 g / kg(NCTRL),2)NCTRL +尿素BW 182 mg / kg(U),3)U + BSS BW 58.4 mg / kg BW(UB)),4)NCTRL + 538 mg / kg eCAN的体重(NIT)和5)NIT + 58.4 mg / kg BSS的体重(NITB)。除NCTRL外,所有处理均等氮。从每个时期的第14天开始,收集瘤胃液,并每天4次记录直肠温度,持续3 d,以测定喂养后0至22 h每2 h的瘤胃变化。在每个时期的第0天的0、3、6、9和12 h收集瘤胃气帽样品,然后在第1、2、3和14天的0 h收集瘤胃气帽样品。使用Cr-乙二胺四乙酸测定微生物的氮流量, YbCl3和难消化的中性洗涤剂纤维分别用于液相,小颗粒和大颗粒相。使用SAS的MIXED程序分析数据。正交对比用于评估非蛋白质氮的影响(NPN)包含,NPN源,BSS和NPN源×BSS。在第0、1、2或14天,对H 2 S的浓度没有治疗作用(P > 0.05);然而,在第3天,使用NPN时,H 2 S的浓度降低了(P = 0.018)。瘤胃pH值无治疗效果(P = 0.864)。NPN来源对VFA的总浓度有影响(P = 0.011),当提供eCAN时,NPN的浓度降低了6%。NPN(P = 0.001)和NPN来源(P = 0.009)对NH 3浓度有影响-N,其中消耗NPN的牛的浓度高于不消耗NPN的牛,并且eCAN与尿素相比降低了浓度。BSS不会影响VFA和NH 3 -N的总浓度(P > 0.05)。BSS对直肠温度有影响(P = 0.009),不食用BSS的牛的体温要高于接受BSS的牛。NPN,NPN源和BSS的微生物氮流量均无差异(P > 0.05)。总之,与尿素相比,eCAN似乎没有提供同等的瘤胃发酵参数,而BSS对发酵的作用有限。
更新日期:2020-08-18
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