Research about biosphere reserves’ management effectiveness can contribute to better understanding of the existing gap between the biosphere reserve concept and its implementation. However, there is a limited understanding about where and how research about biosphere reserves’ management effectiveness has been conducted, what topics are investigated, and which are the main findings. This study addresses these gaps in the field, building on a systematic literature review of scientific papers. To this end, we investigated characteristics of publications, scope, status and location of biosphere reserves, research methods and management effectiveness. The results indicate that research is conceptually and methodologically diverse, but unevenly distributed. Three groups of papers associated with different goals of biosphere reserves were identified: capacity building, biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. In general, each group is associated with different methodological approaches and different regions of the world. The results indicate the importance of scale dynamics and trade-offs between goals, which are advanced as important leverage points for the success of biosphere reserves. Building on the gaps identified in the literature, a research agenda is proposed, focusing on the need to investigate mechanisms for holistic research, outcomes and trade-offs, transformations for social-ecological fit and institutions for integrated management across scales.

中文翻译：

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生物圈保护区的管理有效性——系统文献综述和研究议程

关于生物圈保护区管理有效性的研究有助于更好地理解生物圈保护区概念与其实施之间存在的差距。然而，人们对生物圈保护区管理有效性研究的地点和方式、调查的主题以及主要发现的了解有限。本研究以对科学论文的系统文献综述为基础，解决了该领域的这些差距。为此，我们调查了生物圈保护区的出版物特征、范围、现状和位置、研究方法和管理有效性。结果表明，研究在概念和方法上是多样的，但分布不均。确定了与生物圈保护区不同目标相关的三组论文：能力建设、生物多样性保护和可持续发展。一般来说，每个群体都与不同的方法论方法和世界不同地区相关联。结果表明规模动态和目标之间权衡的重要性，这些目标是生物圈保护区成功的重要杠杆点。基于文献中发现的差距，提出了一项研究议程，重点是调查整体研究机制、结果和权衡、社会生态适应转型和跨尺度综合管理机构的必要性。结果表明规模动态和目标之间权衡的重要性，这些目标是生物圈保护区成功的重要杠杆点。基于文献中发现的差距，提出了一项研究议程，重点是调查整体研究机制、结果和权衡、社会生态适应转型和跨尺度综合管理机构的必要性。结果表明规模动态和目标之间权衡的重要性，这些目标是生物圈保护区成功的重要杠杆点。基于文献中发现的差距，提出了一项研究议程，重点是调查整体研究机制、结果和权衡、社会生态适应转型和跨尺度综合管理机构的必要性。