Hydractiniid hydrozoan colonies are comprised of individual polyps connected by tube‐like stolons or a sheet‐like mat. Mat and stolons function to integrate the colony through continuous epithelia and shared gastrovascular cavity. Although mechanisms of hydrozoan polyp development have been well studied, little is known about the signaling processes governing the patterning of colonies. Here we investigate the Wnt receptor family Frizzled. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that hydrozoans possess four Frizzled orthologs. We find that one of these genes, Frizzled3, shows a spatially restricted expression pattern in colony‐specific tissue in two hydractiniid hydrozoans, Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus and Podocoryna carnea, in a manner that corresponds to their distinct colony forms (stolonal mat in Hydractinia and free stolons in Podocoryna). Interestingly, Frizzled3 was lost in the genome of Hydra, which is a solitary polyp and thus lacks colony‐specific tissue. Current evidence suggests that the Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in the evolution of colony diversity and colony loss in Hydrozoa.

中文翻译：

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毛线虫hydrozoans中的Frizzled3表达和集落发展。

湿疣水生动物菌落由通过管状茎或片状垫连接的单个息肉组成。垫子和茎的功能是通过连续的上皮和共享的胃腔整合菌落。尽管对水生动物息肉发育的机制进行了充分的研究，但对控制菌落形成的信号传导过程知之甚少。在这里，我们调查Wnt受体家族毛躁。系统发育分析表明，水生动物有四个卷曲的直系同源物。我们发现，这些基因之一Frizzled3在两个绣线虫Hydrozoans，Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus和Podocoryna carnea的菌落特异性组织中显示了空间受限的表达模式。，在对应于它们不同的集落的形式（在stolonal垫的方式Hydractinia和免费匍匐茎中Podocoryna）。有趣的是，Frizzled3在Hydra的基因组中丢失了，Hydra是一种单独的息肉，因此缺乏菌落特异性组织。目前的证据表明，Wnt信号通路在水生动物的菌落多样性和菌落丧失中起着关键作用。