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Default mode network modulation by mentalizing in young adults with autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia.
NeuroImage: Clinical ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102343
Christopher J Hyatt 1 , Vince D Calhoun 2 , Brian Pittman 3 , Silvia Corbera 4 , Morris D Bell 5 , Liron Rabany 1 , Kevin Pelphrey 6 , Godfrey D Pearlson 7 , Michal Assaf 7
Affiliation  

Schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are nosologically distinct neurodevelopmental disorders with similar deficits in social cognition, including the ability to form mental representations of others (i.e., mentalizing). However, the extent of patient deficit overlap in underlying neural mechanisms is unclear. Our goal was to examine deficits in mentalizing task-related (MTR) activity modulation in schizophrenia and ASD and the relationship of such deficits with social functioning and psychotic symptoms in patients. Adults, ages 18–34, diagnosed with either ASD or schizophrenia, and typically developed controls (n = 30/group), performed an interactive functional MRI Domino task. Using independent component analysis, we analyzed game intervals known to stimulate mentalizing in the default mode network (DMN), i.e., medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, and temporoparietal junction (TPJ), for group differences in MTR activity and associations between MTR activity and social and psychosis measures. Compared to controls, both schizophrenia and ASD groups showed MTR activity deficits in PCC and TPJ. In TPJ and MPFC, MTR activity modulation was associated with social communication impairments only in ASD. In precuneus, MTR activity was associated with increased self-reported fantasizing only in schizophrenia. In schizophrenia, we found no indication of over-mentalizing activity or an association between MTR activity and psychotic symptoms. Results suggest shared neural deficits between ASD and schizophrenia in mentalizing-associated DMN regions; however, neural organization might correspond to different dimensional social deficits. Our results therefore indicate the importance of examining both categorical-clinical diagnosis and social functioning dimensional constructs when examining neural deficits in schizophrenia and ASD.



中文翻译:

通过心理化患有自闭症谱系障碍或精神分裂症的年轻人的默认模式网络调制。

精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是疾病学上不同的神经发育障碍,具有相似的社会认知缺陷,包括形成他人心理表征的能力(即心智化)。然而,患者缺陷在潜在神经机制中重叠的程度尚不清楚。我们的目标是检查精神分裂症和 ASD 中精神化任务相关 (MTR) 活动调节的缺陷,以及这些缺陷与患者社会功能和精神病症状的关系。18-34 岁的成年人,被诊断患有 ASD 或精神分裂症,并且通常开发为对照(n = 30/组),执行交互式功能性 MRI Domino 任务。使用独立成分分析,我们分析了已知在默认模式网络 (DMN) 中刺激心智化的游戏间隔,即 内侧前额叶皮层 (MPFC)、后扣带皮层 (PCC)、楔前叶和颞顶交界处 (TPJ),用于研究 MTR 活动的群体差异以及 MTR 活动与社会和精神病测量之间的关联。与对照组相比,精神分裂症和 ASD 组在 PCC 和 TPJ 中均显示 MTR 活动缺陷。在 TPJ 和 MPFC 中,MTR 活动调节仅与 ASD 的社交障碍相关。在楔前叶,MTR 活动仅与精神分裂症患者自我报告的幻想增加有关。在精神分裂症中,我们没有发现过度精神活动的迹象或 MTR 活动与精神病症状之间的关联。结果表明,ASD 和精神分裂症在心智化相关的 DMN 区域存在共同的神经缺陷;然而,神经组织可能对应于不同维度的社会缺陷。因此,我们的结果表明,在检查精神分裂症和 ASD 的神经缺陷时,检查分类临床诊断和社会功能维度结构的重要性。

更新日期:2020-07-22
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