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CRISPR/cas systems redefine nucleic acid detection: Principles and methods.
Biosensors and Bioelectronics ( IF 12.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112430
Meng Wang 1 , Rui Zhang 1 , Jinming Li 1
Affiliation  

Methods that enable rapid, sensitive and specific analyses of nucleic acid sequences have positive effects on precise disease diagnostics and effective clinical treatments by providing direct insight into clinically relevant genetic information. Thus far, many CRISPR/Cas systems have been repurposed for diagnostic functions and are revolutionizing the accessibility of robust diagnostic tools due to their high flexibility, sensitivity and specificity. As RNA-guided targeted recognition effectors, Cas9 variants have been utilized for a variety of diagnostic applications, including biosensing assays, imaging assays and target enrichment for next-generation sequencing (NGS), thereby enabling the development of flexible and cost-effective tests. In addition, the ensuing discovery of Cas proteins (Cas12 and Cas13) with collateral cleavage activities has facilitated the development of numerous diagnostic tools for rapid and portable detection, and these tools have great potential for point-of-care settings. However, representative reviews proposed on this topic are mainly confined to classical biosensing applications; thus, a comprehensive and systematic description of this fast-developing field is required. In this review, based on the detection principle, we provide a detailed classification and comprehensive discussion of recent works that harness these CRISPR-based diagnostic tools from a new perspective. Furthermore, current challenges and future perspectives of CRISPR-based diagnostics are outlined.



中文翻译:

CRISPR/cas 系统重新定义核酸检测:原理和方法。

通过提供对临床相关遗传信息的直接洞察,能够对核酸序列进行快速、灵敏和特异性分析的方法对精确的疾病诊断和有效的临床治疗具有积极影响。到目前为止,许多 CRISPR/Cas 系统已被重新用于诊断功能,并且由于其高度的灵活性、灵敏度和特异性,正在彻底改变强大的诊断工具的可访问性。作为 RNA 引导的靶向识别效应器,Cas9 变体已被用于各种诊断应用,包括生物传感分析、成像分析和下一代测序 (NGS) 的目标富集,从而能够开发灵活且具有成本效益的测试。此外,随后发现具有侧链裂解活性的 Cas 蛋白(Cas12 和 Cas13)促进了众多用于快速和便携式检测的诊断工具的开发,这些工具在床旁设置方面具有巨大潜力。然而,关于该主题的代表性评论主要局限于经典生物传感应用;因此,需要对这个快速发展的领域进行全面和系统的描述。在这篇综述中,基于检测原理,我们从新的角度对利用这些基于 CRISPR 的诊断工具的近期工作进行了详细的分类和全面的讨论。此外,概述了基于 CRISPR 的诊断的当前挑战和未来前景。这些工具在医疗点设置方面具有巨大潜力。然而,关于该主题的代表性评论主要局限于经典生物传感应用;因此,需要对这个快速发展的领域进行全面和系统的描述。在这篇综述中,基于检测原理,我们从新的角度对利用这些基于 CRISPR 的诊断工具的近期工作进行了详细的分类和全面的讨论。此外,概述了基于 CRISPR 的诊断的当前挑战和未来前景。这些工具在医疗点设置方面具有巨大潜力。然而,关于该主题的代表性评论主要局限于经典生物传感应用;因此,需要对这个快速发展的领域进行全面和系统的描述。在这篇综述中,基于检测原理,我们从新的角度对利用这些基于 CRISPR 的诊断工具的近期工作进行了详细的分类和全面的讨论。此外,概述了基于 CRISPR 的诊断的当前挑战和未来前景。基于检测原理,我们从新的角度对利用这些基于 CRISPR 的诊断工具的近期工作进行了详细的分类和全面的讨论。此外,概述了基于 CRISPR 的诊断的当前挑战和未来前景。基于检测原理,我们从新的角度对利用这些基于 CRISPR 的诊断工具的近期工作进行了详细的分类和全面的讨论。此外,概述了基于 CRISPR 的诊断的当前挑战和未来前景。

更新日期:2020-07-16
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