Abstract

Mineral composition, physicochemical properties and sorption characteristics of clay-salt slimes (CSS), wastes formed in processing of the sylvinite ore at JSC “Belaruskali” (Soligorsk, Belarus) and aluminosilicate and illite sorbents produced on their basis were studied. It was shown that dressing of CSS samples results in that their chemical and mineralogical compositions change. It was found that the washing of CSS with water, followed by treatment with hydrochloric acid and Trilon B, leads to a 1.2–1.3 times increase in the content of the main component of CSS, illite, due to the dissolution of carbonates (dolomite and calcite) and gypsum. It was found that presence of illite plays a key role in the sorption activity of the sorbents toward the radionuclides ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr. With enriched samples of illite sorbents (IS-3o and IS-3m),the distribution coefficients of ¹³⁷Cs become twice larger, and those of ⁹⁰Sr, 20 times larger in comparison with the undressed samples of aluminosilicate sorbents (AS-3o and AS-3m). It is shown that the production of aluminosilicate and illite sorbents from CSS and the use of these sorbents for purification of liquid radioactive wastes to remove the radionuclides ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr and for creating barriers providing the safe storage and burial of low- and medium-activity of radioactive wastes are promising.

中文翻译：

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基于JSC“白俄罗斯”的粘土盐粘泥的铝硅酸盐吸附剂，用于吸附铯和锶放射性核素

摘要

研究了粘土盐煤泥（CSS）的矿物成分，理化性质和吸附特性，在白俄罗斯国家石油公司“白俄罗斯”（Jelaruskali）的白云母矿石加工过程中形成的废物以及以此为基础生产的铝硅酸盐和伊利石吸附剂。结果表明，CSS样品的修整会导致其化学和矿物组成发生变化。结果发现，用水洗涤CSS，然后用盐酸和Trilon B处理，由于碳酸盐（白云石和碳酸钙）的溶解，导致CSS主要成分伊利石含量增加了1.2-1.3倍。方解石）和石膏。发现伊利石的存在在吸附剂对放射性核素¹³⁷ Cs和⁹⁰的吸附活性中起关键作用。Sr.富含伊利石吸附剂样品（IS-3o和IS-3m）的¹³⁷ Cs分布系数比未涂硅铝酸盐吸附剂（AS-3o ）的分布系数大两倍，而⁹⁰ Sr的分布系数大20倍。和AS-3m）。结果表明，由CSS生产铝硅酸盐和伊利石吸附剂，以及将这些吸附剂用于净化液态放射性废物以去除放射性核素¹³⁷ Cs和⁹⁰ Sr以及创建屏障以提供安全的存储和掩埋低中放射性废物的活动前景广阔。