The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of three methods of enamel remineralization on initial approximal caries: (1) a nano-hydroxyapatite gel, (2) gaseous ozone therapy, (3) combination of a nano-hydroxyapatite gel and ozone. Patients (n = 92, age 20–30 years) with initial approximal enamel lesions on premolar and molar teeth (n = 546) were randomly allocated to three groups subjected to a 6-months treatment: Group I: domestic nano-hydroxyapatite remineralizing gel, group II: in-office ozone therapy, group III: both domestic remineralizing gel and ozone therapy. Caries lesions were assessed on bitewing radiographs at baseline, after 1 year and after 2 years. At one-year follow-up, the smallest rate of lesions with remineralisation (36.5%) was found in group I, and the highest (69.3%)—in group III. In group III a significant remineralisation was noticed in after 1 year and then a demineralisation after 2 years. Thus nano-hydroxyapatite gel and ozone therapy exert some capacities to remineralize approximal enamel and dentine subsurface lesions of premolar and molar teeth. Moreover, the combination of both methods produces the best effect compared to nano-hydroxyapatite or ozone therapy applied alone. However, the treatment should be continued for a long time in order to achieve nonrestorative recovery of caries.

该研究的目的是评估三种釉质再矿化方法对初始龋齿的功效：（1）纳米羟基磷灰石凝胶，（2）气态臭氧疗法，（3）纳米羟基磷灰石凝胶和臭氧的组合。患者（n = 92，年龄20–30岁），在前磨牙和磨牙上初步出现珐琅质初步病变（n = 546），被随机分为三组，分别接受6个月的治疗：第一组：家用纳米羟基磷灰石矿化凝胶，第二组：办公室内臭氧治疗，第三组：家用矿物质凝胶和臭氧治疗。在基线，1年和2年后通过咬合射线照相评估龋损。在一年的随访中，在第一组中发现的再矿化病变最小（36.5％），在第三组中最高（69.3％）。在第三组中，在1年后发现了明显的再矿化，然后在2年后发现了一次脱矿。因此，纳米羟基磷灰石凝胶和臭氧疗法发挥了一定的功能，可重新矿化前磨牙和磨牙的牙釉质和牙本质亚表层病变。而且，与单独应用纳米羟基磷灰石或臭氧疗法相比，两种方法的组合产生最佳效果。但是，应长期治疗，以实现龋齿的非修复性恢复。与单独应用纳米羟基磷灰石或臭氧疗法相比，两种方法的组合产生最佳效果。但是，应长期治疗，以实现龋齿的非修复性恢复。与单独应用纳米羟基磷灰石或臭氧疗法相比，两种方法的组合产生最佳效果。但是，应长期治疗，以实现龋齿的非修复性恢复。