Smoking worsens underlying asthma inflammation and also induces resistance to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Small airways dysfunction measured by impulse oscillometry (IOS) is associated with worse control.

中文翻译：

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吸烟哮喘患者小气道三联与双联吸入器治疗的随机对照试验

吸烟会加重潜在的哮喘炎症，还会诱发对吸入性皮质类固醇 (ICS) 的抵抗。通过脉冲示波法 (IOS) 测量的小气道功能障碍与较差的控制有关。