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Legacy and current pesticide residues in Syr Darya, Kazakhstan: Contamination status, seasonal variation and preliminary ecological risk assessment.
Water Research ( IF 12.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116141
D D Snow 1 , P Chakraborty 2 , B Uralbekov 3 , B Satybaldiev 3 , J B Sallach 4 , L M Thornton Hampton 5 , M Jeffries 6 , A S Kolok 7 , S B Bartelt-Hunt 8
Affiliation  

The Syr Darya is one of two major rivers in Central Asia supplying critical fresh water to the Aral Sea. In spite of the river's importance and agriculturally intensive history, few studies have provided a modern evaluation of and the occurrence of pesticide residues and potential effects to aquatic life. The primary goal of this investigation was to determine seasonal variations in ambient concentrations of modern and legacy pesticides in bottom sediment and water of the Syr Darya in Kazakhstan downstream from an agriculturally intensive watershed in Uzbekistan. Grab samples and passive samplers used at five remote sampling stations during June 2015 to provide a baseline for ecotoxicological evaluation. Results were compared with samples collected during and after the agricultural growing season. Polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) were used in June and calibrated for time weighted average concentrations of current use pesticides. Among legacy chlorinated pesticides measured in grab samples from the river, lindane (γ-HCH) was detected most frequently with the highest concentrations occurring during June. For all the sampling events, residues of lindane (γ-HCH) ranged from 0.014 μg/L to 0.24 μg/L detected in grab samples are among the highest concentrations reported for rivers globally. Concentrations of γ-HCH, p,p’-DDE and dieldrin were highest in October when dieldrin concentrations approached 0.4 μg/L. Sources of legacy pesticides may be either illicit upstream use or evidence of previous atmospheric contamination of glacial meltwater. Chronic exposure to these residues may lead to ecological risk to lower order organisms in both the sediment and water column.



中文翻译:

哈萨克斯坦西尔达里亚的旧有和当前农药残留:污染状况,季节性变化和初步生态风险评估。

锡尔河(Syr Darya)是中亚的两条主要河流之一,向咸海提供重要的淡水。尽管这条河的重要性和农业集约化的历史,很少有研究提供农药残留的现代评估和发生以及对水生生物的潜在影响。这项调查的主要目的是确定乌兹别克斯坦农业密集集水区下游哈萨克斯坦西尔达里亚底部沉积物和水中现代和传统农药的环境浓度的季节性变化。2015年6月,在五个远程采样站使用了抓斗样本和被动采样器,为生态毒理学评估提供了基准。将结果与在农业生长季节期间和之后收集的样品进行比较。极性有机化学综合采样器(POCIS)于6月使用,并针对当前使用的农药的时间加权平均浓度进行了校准。在河流抓取样品中测得的传统氯化农药中,最常检测到林丹(γ-HCH)的浓度在六月期间。对于所有采样事件,在抓取样品中检测到的林丹(γ-六氯环己烷)残留量在0.014μg/ L至0.24μg/ L之间,是全球河流中报告的最高浓度之一。浓度 抓取样品中检测到的林丹(γ-HCH)残留量范围为0.014μg/ L至0.24μg/ L,是全球河流中报告的最高浓度之一。浓度 抓取样品中检测到的林丹(γ-HCH)残留量范围为0.014μg/ L至0.24μg/ L,是全球河流中报告的最高浓度之一。浓度当狄氏剂浓度接近0.4μg/ L时γ- HCH,p, p'-DDE和狄氏剂在10月份最高。传统农药的来源可能是上游非法使用,也可能是先前大气对冰川融化水的污染的证据。长期暴露于这些残留物可能会对沉积物和水柱中的低阶生物产生生态风险。

更新日期:2020-07-07
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