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The history of rainfall data time-resolution in a wide variety of geographical areas
Journal of Hydrology ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125258
Renato Morbidelli , Amanda Penelope García-Marín , Abdullah Al Mamun , Rahman Mohammad Atiqur , José Luís Ayuso-Muñoz , Mohamed Bachir Taouti , Piotr Baranowski , Gianni Bellocchi , Claudia Sangüesa-Pool , Brett Bennett , Byambaa Oyunmunkh , Brunella Bonaccorso , Luca Brocca , Tommaso Caloiero , Enrica Caporali , Domenico Caracciolo , M. Carmen Casas-Castillo , Carlos G.Catalini , Mohamed Chettih , A.F.M. Kamal Chowdhury , Rezaul Chowdhury , Corrado Corradini , Jeffrey Custò , Jacopo Dari , Nazzareno Diodato , Nolan Doesken , Alexandru Dumitrescu , Javier Estévez , Alessia Flammini , Hayley J. Fowler , Gabriele Freni , Francesco Fusto , Leoncio García-Barrón , Ancuta Manea , Sven Goenster-Jordan , Stuart Hinson , Ewa Kanecka-Geszke , Kanak Kanti Kar , Wiesława Kasperska-Wołowicz , Miina Krabbi , Jaromir Krzyszczak , Alba Llabrés-Brustenga , José L.J. Ledesma , Tie Liu , Marco Lompi , Loredana Marsico , Giuseppe Mascaro , Tommaso Moramarco , Noah Newman , Alina Orzan , Matteo Pampaloni , Roberto Pizarro-Tapia , Antonio Puentes Torres , Md Mamunur Rashid , Raúl Rodríguez-Solà , Marcelo Sepulveda Manzor , Krzysztof Siwek , Arturo Sousa , P.V. Timbadiya , Tymvios Filippos , Marina Georgiana Vilcea , Francesca Viterbo , Chulsang Yoo , Marcelo Zeri , Georgios Zittis , Carla Saltalippi

Abstract Collected rainfall records by gauges lead to key forcings in most hydrological studies. Depending on sensor type and recording systems, such data are characterized by different time-resolutions (or temporal aggregations), ta. We present an historical analysis of the time-evolution of ta based on a large database of rain gauge networks operative in many study areas. Globally, ta data were collected for 25,423 rain gauge stations across 32 geographic areas, with larger contributions from Australia, USA, Italy and Spain. For very old networks early recordings were manual with coarse time-resolution, typically daily or sometimes monthly. With a few exceptions, mechanical recordings on paper rolls began in the first half of the 20th century, typically with ta of 1 h or 30 min. Digital registrations started only during the last three decades of the 20th century. This short period limits investigations that require long time-series of sub-daily rainfall data, e.g, analyses of the effects of climate change on short-duration (sub-hourly) heavy rainfall. In addition, in the areas with rainfall data characterized for many years by coarse time-resolutions, annual maximum rainfall depths of short duration can be potentially underestimated and their use would produce errors in the results of successive applications. Currently, only 50% of the stations provide useful data at any time-resolution, that practically means ta = 1 min. However, a significant reduction of these issues can be obtained through the information content of the present database. Finally, we suggest an integration of the database by including additional rain gauge networks to enhance its usefulness particularly in a comparative analysis of the effects of climate change on extreme rainfalls of short duration available in different locations.

中文翻译:

各种地理区域的降雨数据时间分辨率的历史

摘要 测量仪收集的降雨记录是大多数水文研究中的关键强迫。根据传感器类型和记录系统,此类数据具有不同的时间分辨率(或时间聚合)ta。我们基于在许多研究领域运行的雨量计网络的大型数据库,对 ta 的时间演变进行了历史分析。在全球范围内,收集了 32 个地理区域的 25,423 个雨量站的 ta 数据,其中来自澳大利亚、美国、意大利和西班牙的贡献更大。对于非常古老的网络,早期的录音是手动的,具有粗略的时间分辨率,通常每天或有时每月。除了少数例外,纸卷上的机械记录始于 20 世纪上半叶,通常 ta 为 1 小时或 30 分钟。数字注册仅在 20 世纪的最后三十年才开始。这种短时间限制了需要长时间序列的次日降雨数据的调查,例如,分析气候变化对短期(次小时)强降雨的影响。此外,在具有多年降雨资料的粗时间分辨率特征的地区,短历时的年最大降雨深度可能被低估,并且它们的使用会在连续应用的结果中产生误差。目前,只有 50% 的台站提供任何时间分辨率的有用数据,这实际上意味着 ta = 1 分钟。但是,通过现有数据库的信息内容,可以大大减少这些问题。最后,
更新日期:2020-11-01
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