The electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) and more recently the heated tobacco products (HTP) provide alternatives for smokers as they are generally perceived to be less harmful than conventional cigarettes. However, it is crucial to compare the health risks of these different emergent devices, in order to determine which product should be preferred to substitute cigarette. The present study aimed to compare the composition of emissions from HTP, e-cigs and conventional cigarettes, regarding selected harmful or potentially harmful compounds, and their toxic impacts on the human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. The HTP emitted less polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and carbonyls than the conventional cigarette. However, amounts of these compounds in HTP aerosols were still higher than in e-cig vapours. Concordantly, HTP aerosol showed reduced cytotoxicity compared to cigarette smoke but higher than e-cig vapours. HTP and e-cig had the potential to increase oxidative stress and inflammatory response, in a manner similar to that of cigarette smoke, but after more intensive exposures. In addition, increasing e-cig power impacted levels of certain toxic compounds and related oxidative stress. This study provides important data necessary for risk assessment by demonstrating that HTP might be less harmful than tobacco cigarette but considerably more harmful than e-cig.

电子烟（e-cigs）和最近的加热烟草产品（HTP）为吸烟者提供了替代品，因为通常认为它们的危害性不如传统卷烟。但是，至关重要的是比较这些不同的紧急设备的健康风险，以确定哪种产品更适合替代香烟。本研究旨在比较HTP，电子烟和常规卷烟的排放成分，涉及选定的有害或潜在有害化合物，以及它们对人支气管上皮BEAS-2B细胞的毒性影响。与传统香烟相比，HTP排放的多环芳烃和羰基化合物更少。但是，这些化合物在HTP气溶胶中的含量仍高于电子烟中的含量。一致地，与香烟烟雾相比，HTP气溶胶显示出降低的细胞毒性，但比电子烟蒸汽更高。HTP和e-cig可能以类似于香烟烟雾的方式增加氧化应激和炎症反应，但经过更大量的暴露。另外，增加的电子烟能力会影响某些有毒化合物的含量和相关的氧化应激。这项研究证明了HTP可能比卷烟危害较小，但比电子烟危害更大，从而提供了风险评估所需的重要数据。电子烟能力的提高会影响某些有毒化合物的含量以及相关的氧化应激。这项研究证明了HTP可能比卷烟危害较小，但比电子烟危害更大，从而提供了风险评估所需的重要数据。电子烟能力的提高会影响某些有毒化合物的含量以及相关的氧化应激。这项研究证明了HTP可能比卷烟危害较小，但比电子烟危害更大，从而提供了风险评估所需的重要数据。