Bees are exposed to endocrine active insecticides. Here we assessed expressional alteration of marker genes indicative of endocrine effects in the brain of honey bees. We exposed foragers to chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and thiacloprid and assessed the expression of genes after exposure for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Chlorpyrifos caused the strongest expressional changes at 24 h characterized by induction of vitellogenin, major royal jelly protein (mrjp) 2 and 3, insulin-like peptide (ilp1), alpha-glucosidase (hbg3) and sima, and down-regulation of buffy. Cypermethrin caused minor induction of mrjp1, mrjp2, mmp1 and ilp1. The sima transcript showed down-regulation at 48 h and up-regulation at 72 h. Exposure to thiacloprid caused down-regulation of vitellogenin, mrjp1 and sima at 24 h, and hbg3 at 72 h, as well as induction of ilp1 at 48 h. The buffy transcript was down-regulated at 24 h and up-regulated at 48 h. Despite compound-specific expression patterns, each insecticide altered the expression of some of the suggested endocrine system related genes. Our study suggests that expressional changes of genes prominently expressed in nurse or forager bees, including down-regulation of buffy and mrjps and up-regulation of hbg3 and ilp1 may serve as indicators for endocrine activity of insecticides in foragers.

蜜蜂暴露于内分泌活性杀虫剂。在这里，我们评估了标记基因的表达变化，这些标记基因指示蜜蜂大脑中的内分泌作用。我们将觅食者暴露于毒死rif，氯氰菊酯和噻虫啉中，并在暴露24 h，48 h和72 h后评估基因的表达。毒死rif在24 h引起最强的表达变化，其特征是诱导卵黄蛋白原，主要蜂王浆蛋白（mrjp）2和3，胰岛素样肽（ilp1），α-葡萄糖苷酶（hbg3）和sima以及血沉棕黄蛋白的下调。氯氰菊酯引起mrjp1，mrjp2，mmp1和ilp1的轻微诱导。的西玛转录表现出下调在第48小时和上调在72小时。暴露于噻虫啉会导致卵黄蛋白原，mrjp1和sima在24 h时下调，在hbg3在72 h时下调，并在48 h时诱导ilp1下降。在棕黄色转录本在24小时下调，在48小时上调。尽管化合物具有特定的表达方式，但每种杀虫剂都会改变某些与内分泌系统相关的基因的表达。我们的研究表明，在哺乳或觅食蜂中突出表达的基因的表达变化，包括血沉棕黄和mrjps的下调以及hbg3和ilp1的上调，可能是觅食者中杀虫剂内分泌活性的指标。