Dystonia is a movement disorder characterised by involuntary muscle contractions resulting in abnormal movements, postures and tremor. The pathophysiology of dystonia is not fully understood but loss of neuronal inhibition, excessive sensorimotor plasticity and defective sensory processing are thought to contribute to network dysfunction underlying the disorder. Neurophysiology studies have been important in furthering our understanding of dystonia and have provided insights into the mechanism of effective dystonia treatment with pallidal deep brain stimulation. In this article we review neurophysiology studies in dystonia and its treatment with Deep Brain Stimulation, including Transcranial magnetic stimulation studies, studies of reflexes and sensory processing, and oscillatory activity recordings including local field potentials, micro-recordings, EEG and evoked potentials.

肌张力障碍是一种运动障碍，其特征在于肌肉非自愿收缩导致异常的运动，姿势和震颤。肌张力障碍的病理生理学尚不完全清楚，但是神经元抑制作用的丧失，过度的感觉运动可塑性和不良的感觉处理被认为是导致该障碍的网络功能障碍的原因。神经生理学研究对增进我们对肌张力障碍的理解非常重要，并为苍白的深部脑刺激有效治疗肌张力障碍的机制提供了见识。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了肌张力障碍及其深部脑刺激治疗的神经生理学研究，包括经颅磁刺激研究，反射和感觉过程的研究以及包括局部场电位在内的振荡活动记录，