The Lyman-$\alpha$ (hereafter Ly-$\alpha$) forest is a probe of large-scale matter density fluctuations at high redshift, $z > 2.1$. It consists of HI absorption spectra along individual lines-of-sight. If the line-of-sight density is large enough, 3D maps of HI absorption can be inferred by tomographic reconstruction. In this article, we investigate the Ly-$\alpha$ forest available in the Stripe 82 field ($220\,\mathrm{deg^{2}}$), based on the quasar spectra from SDSS Data Release DR16. The density of observed quasar spectra is $37\,\mathrm{deg^{-2}}$ with a mean pixel signal-to-noise ratio of two per angstrom. This study provides an intermediate case between the average SDSS density and that of the much denser but smaller CLAMATO survey. We derive a 3D map of large-scale matter fluctuations from these data, using a Wiener filter technique. The total volume of the map is $0.94\,\mathrm{h^{-3} Gpc^{3}}$. Its resolution is $13\,\mathrm{h^{-1} Mpc}$, which is related to the mean transverse distance between nearest lines-of-sight. From this map, we provide a catalog of voids and protocluster candidates in the cosmic web. The map-making and void catalog are compared to simulated eBOSS Stripe 82 observations. A stack over quasar positions provides a visualization of the Ly-$\alpha$ quasar cross-correlation. This tomographic reconstruction constitutes the largest-volume high-redshift 3D map of matter fluctuations.

中文翻译：

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使用 eBOSS-Stripe 82 Lyα 森林的大规模物质分布的断层扫描图

Lyman-$\alpha$（以下简称 Ly-$\alpha$）森林是对高红移下大规模物质密度波动的探测器，$z > 2.1$。它由沿各个视线的 HI 吸收光谱组成。如果视线密度足够大，则可以通过断层扫描重建推断出 HI 吸收的 3D 地图。在本文中，我们基于来自 SDSS 数据发布 DR16 的类星体光谱研究了 Stripe 82 字段 ($220\,\mathrm{deg^{2}}$) 中可用的 Ly-$\alpha$ 森林。观测到的类星体光谱密度为 $37\,\mathrm{deg^{-2}}$，平均像素信噪比为每埃 2。这项研究提供了平均 SDSS 密度与密度大得多但规模较小的 CLAMATO 调查之间的中间案例。我们使用维纳滤波器技术从这些数据中导出了大规模物质波动的 3D 地图。地图总体积为$0.94\,\mathrm{h^{-3} Gpc^{3}}$。其分辨率为$13\,\mathrm{h^{-1} Mpc}$，与最近视线之间的平均横向距离有关。从这张地图中，我们提供了宇宙网中空洞和原始星团候选者的目录。地图制作和空白目录与模拟的 eBOSS Stripe 82 观测值进行比较。类星体位置上的堆栈提供了 Ly-$\alpha$ 类星体互相关的可视化。这种断层扫描重建构成了物质波动的最大体积高红移 3D 图。地图制作和空白目录与模拟的 eBOSS Stripe 82 观测值进行比较。类星体位置上的堆栈提供了 Ly-$\alpha$ 类星体互相关的可视化。这种断层扫描重建构成了物质波动的最大体积高红移 3D 图。地图制作和空白目录与模拟的 eBOSS Stripe 82 观测值进行比较。类星体位置上的堆栈提供了 Ly-$\alpha$ 类星体互相关的可视化。这种断层扫描重建构成了物质波动的最大体积高红移 3D 图。