This study was designed to find out the optimum cold storage temperature (4, 7, and 10 °C) and storage period (1–16 weeks) of 3 different immature developmental stages (2, 4, 6 days post parasitism) of the egg parasitoid, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to produce high-quality individuals to be utilized. Also, the effects of cold storage on parasitoids’ fitness in terms of parasitism percentage, developmental period, adults’ emergence percentage, female percentage, and longevity (fed and un-fed) of parents and F1 progeny were investigated. The obtained results revealed that T. bactrae larvae (2-day post parasitism) could be stored for at least 7 weeks at 10 °C, with least changes in their fitness in both the parents and F1 progeny, followed by 7 °C, whereas storage at 4 °C was the fatal temperature in this early stage of parasitoid with a maximum mortality rate that extended to the next generation (F1). Furthermore, female biased sex ratios were observed at all storage temperatures in the parental and F1 generations but with different values. After a cold exposure of pre- and pupal stages (4, 6 days post parasitism) of the parasitoid at 7 °C, adults’ emergence percentage in the parents was low, but the biological performance in progeny was great. In addition, these late stages could be stored for a short period up to 4 weeks at 10 °C with highest performances in both generations, followed by 7 °C. Ten degrees Celsius proved to be the most suitable storage temperature at different parasitoid ages (larvae, pre-pupae, and pupae). Only the larval stage could continue up to 16 weeks of cold storage, and hence, it can be recommended for a short- and/or a long-term storage period.

中文翻译：

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冷藏温度对拟寄生虫Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja（膜翅目：Trichogrammatidae）品质的影响

本研究旨在找出鸡蛋的3个不同的未成熟发育阶段（寄生后2、4、6天）的最佳冷藏温度（4、7和10°C）和贮藏时间（1–16周）拟寄生虫（Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja）（膜翅目：Trichogrammatidae）产生了可被利用的高质量个体。此外，还研究了冷藏对寄生虫百分比，发育期，成年出苗率，女性百分比以及父母和F1后代寿命（进食和不进食）的影响。获得的结果表明，T。bactrae幼虫（寄生后2天）可以在10°C下保存至少7周，其亲本和F1后代的适应性变化最小，然后是7°C，而在4°C下储存则是该早期寄生虫的致命温度，其最大死亡率已扩展到下一代（F1）。此外，在亲代和F1代的所有存储温度下均观察到女性偏向性别比，但具有不同的值。在7°C下对寄生虫的寄生前和p期（寄生后4、6天）进行冷暴露后，成年人在父母中的出苗率很低，但后代的生物学表现却很好。此外，这些后期阶段可以在10°C下短时间存储长达4周，两代产品的性能均最高，其次是7°C。事实证明，在不同的寄生虫年龄（幼虫，pre和and）中，十摄氏度是最合适的存储温度。