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Assessing mathematical sensemaking in physics as seeking coherence between calculations and concepts: Calculation-concept crossover
Physical Review Physics Education Research ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 
Eric Kuo, Michael M. Hull, Andrew Elby, Ayush Gupta

What kind of problem-solving instruction can help students apply what they’ve learned to solve the new and unfamiliar problems they will encounter in the future? We propose that mathematical sensemaking - the practice of seeking coherence between formal mathematics and conceptual understanding - is a key target of successful physics problem-solving instruction. However, typical assessments tend to measure understanding in more disjoint ways: investigating conceptual understanding through qualitative questions and mathematical calculation skills through quantitative questions. To broaden assessment to capture coherence-seeking practices in students’ problem solving, we introduce an assessment framework that highlights opportunities to employ calculations on qualitative problems and conceptual approaches on quantitative problems. Three assessment items embodying this calculation-concept crossover illustrate how coherence can drive flexible problem-solving approaches, leading to more efficient, insightful, and accurate problem solving. These three assessment items were used to evaluate the efficacy of an instructional approach focused on developing students’ mathematical-sensemaking skills. In a quasi-experimental study, three parallel lecture sections of first-semester, introductory physics were compared: two mathematical sensemaking sections, with one having an experienced instructor and one a novice instructor, and a traditionally-taught section acted as a control group. On the three crossover assessment items, mathematical sensemaking students used calculation-concept crossover approaches more than control students, with the experienced instructor’s students doing so on all three items and the novice instructor’s students on two items. The mathematical sensemaking students also generated more correct solutions on these crossover assessments but not on associated standard problems. Students’ surveyed epistemological views toward problem-solving coherence at the end of the course predicted their crossover approach use but did not fully account for the differences in crossover approach use between the mathematical sensemaking and control groups. These results illustrate new instructional and assessment frameworks for research on mathematical sensemaking and adaptive problem-solving expertise.

中文翻译:

评估物理中的数学意义,以寻求计算与概念之间的连贯性:计算概念交叉

什么样的问题解决指导可以帮助学生运用所学到的知识来解决将来会遇到的新的陌生问题?我们提出数学意义上的探索-寻求形式数学与概念理解之间连贯性的实践-是成功解决物理问题的教学的关键目标。但是,典型的评估往往以更不连贯的方式来衡量理解:通过定性问题调查概念理解,并通过定量问题调查数学计算技能。为了扩大评估范围,以捕捉解决学生问题时的连贯性实践,我们引入了一个评估框架,着重强调了利用定性问题的计算方法和定量问题的概念方法的机会。体现此计算概念交叉的三个评估项目说明了连贯性如何可以驱动灵活的问题解决方法,从而导致更有效,更深入,更准确的问题解决。这三个评估项目用于评估一种旨在提高学生的数学感知能力的教学方法的有效性。在一个准实验研究中,比较了三个学期的平行授课科目,分别是入门级物理:两个数学感官学段,其中一个由经验丰富的讲师和一个新手讲师组成,而传统授课的则是对照组。在这三个交叉评估项目中,具有数学意义的学生比控制学生更多地使用计算概念交叉方法,经验丰富的讲师的学生在所有三个项目上都这样做,新手讲师的学生在两个项目上都这样做。数学意义上的学生还针对这些交叉评估生成了更正确的解决方案,但未解决相关的标准问题。在课程结束时,学生对解决问题的连贯性的认识论观点预示了他们使用交叉方法的情况,但是并没有完全考虑数学意义形成者和对照组之间交叉方法使用的差异。这些结果说明了新的教学和评估框架,用于研究数学意义和适应性问题解决专业知识。数学意义上的学生还针对这些交叉评估生成了更正确的解决方案,但未解决相关的标准问题。在课程结束时,学生对解决问题的连贯性的认识论观点预示了他们使用交叉方法的情况,但是并没有完全考虑数学意义和对照组之间使用交叉方法的差异。这些结果说明了新的教学和评估框架,用于研究数学意义和适应性问题解决专业知识。数学意义上的学生还针对这些交叉评估生成了更正确的解决方案,但未解决相关的标准问题。在课程结束时,学生对解决问题的连贯性的认识论观点预示了他们使用交叉方法的情况,但是并没有完全考虑数学意义形成者和对照组之间交叉方法使用的差异。这些结果说明了新的教学和评估框架,用于研究数学意义和适应性问题解决专业知识。在课程结束时,学生对解决问题的连贯性的认识论观点预示了他们使用交叉方法的情况,但是并没有完全考虑数学意义和对照组之间使用交叉方法的差异。这些结果说明了新的教学和评估框架,用于研究数学意义和适应性问题解决专业知识。在课程结束时,学生对解决问题的连贯性的认识论观点预示了他们使用交叉方法的情况,但是并没有完全考虑数学意义形成者和对照组之间交叉方法使用的差异。这些结果说明了新的教学和评估框架,用于研究数学意义和适应性问题解决专业知识。
更新日期:2020-07-06
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