Conventional gas turbines are a very mature technology, and performance improvements are becoming increasingly difficult and costly to achieve. Pressure‐gain combustion (PGC) has emerged as a promising technology in this respect, due to the higher thermal efficiency of the respective ideal gas turbine cycles. The current work analyzes two layouts of the Humphrey cycle for gas turbines with pressure‐gain combustion. One layout replicates the classical layout of gas turbine cycles, whereas an alternative one optimizes the use of pressure‐gain combustion by ensuring the operation of the combustor at stoichiometric conditions. In parallel, both cycle layouts are studied with two different fuels—hydrogen and dimethyl ether—to account for differences in combustion specific heat addition and its effect on cycle efficiency. The current work concludes with an attempt to benchmark the maximum losses of a plenum to achieve efficiency parity with the Joule cycle, for a given pressure gain over a PGC combustor. It is found that the cycle layout with stoichiometric combustion results in an increase in thermal efficiency of up to 7 percentage points, compared to the classic cycle architecture. Moreover, the thermal efficiency of the new layout is less sensitive to the turbine inlet temperature, especially at low compressor pressure ratios. The study of the two fuels has shown that the larger mass specific heat addition leads to higher cycle thermal efficiency and should be considered during the fuel choice. Finally, the maximum allowable plenum pressure loss that results to efficiency parity with the Joule cycle has been computed for a given combustor pressure gain. For turbine inlet temperatures above 1500°C, pressure gain above 1.6 would allow for at least 20% relative pressure drop in the plenum. The respective pressure gain becomes considerably higher for lower turbine inlet temperatures.

中文翻译：

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汉弗莱循环的替代架构以及燃料类型对其效率的影响

常规的燃气轮机是非常成熟的技术，并且实现性能的提高变得越来越困难且成本更高。在这方面，由于各个理想燃气轮机循环的较高热效率，压力增益燃烧（PGC）已成为一种有前途的技术。当前的工作分析了具有压力增益燃烧的燃气轮机的汉弗莱循环的两种布局。一种布局复制了燃气轮机循环的经典布局，而另一种布局则通过确保燃烧室在化学计量条件下运行来优化压力增益燃烧的使用。同时，研究了两种循环布局，分别使用两种不同的燃料（氢气和二甲醚），以解决燃烧比热添加的差异及其对循环效率的影响。当前的工作以尝试在给定的PGC燃烧器压力增加下，对增压室的最大损失进行基准测试，以达到与焦耳循环效率相等的目的。已经发现，与经典的循环结构相比，具有化学计量燃烧的循环布局可将热效率提高多达7个百分点。此外，新布局的热效率对涡轮机入口温度不太敏感，尤其是在低压缩机压力比的情况下。对两种燃料的研究表明，较大的质量比热增加会导致更高的循环热效率，因此在选择燃料时应予以考虑。最后，对于给定的燃烧室压力增益，已经计算出与焦耳循环效率相等的最大允许气室压力损失。对于高于1500°C的涡轮机入口温度，高于1.6的压力增量将使气室中的相对压降降低至少20％。对于较低的涡轮机入口温度，相应的压力增益变得更高。