Inspired by the multiscale configuration of the microstructure of cork, the paper describes the design, 3D printing, and evaluation of a new type of multilayered cellular composite (MCC) structure composed of hard brittle and soft flexible phases. The mechanical behavior of 3D printed MCC structures have been investigated both experimentally and numerically. The experiments show that the MCC structure absorbs four times the amount of energy of a conventional cellular configuration under compressive strains up to 70 %. Finite element simulations and 2D digital image correlation (DIC) also show that the multilayered architecture provides a more uniform strain distribution and higher stress transfer efficiency, with a resulting progressive failure mode rather than a catastrophic one. Cyclic loading tests demonstrate that the MCC structure also possesses exceptional shape recoverability under compressive deformations up to 40 %. These remarkable performance characteristics result from synergies between the properties of the two constituent materials and the chosen multilayered cellular microstructure. The soft phase, in particular, plays a pivotal role in absorbing elastic energy during loading and then releasing the stored energy while unloading. The volume fraction of the soft phase is also essential to control energy absorption and the transition of failure modes. The deformation mechanisms demonstrated here are robust and applicable to other architected cellular materials across multiple length scales and suggest new ways to design lightweight and high-resilience structural materials.

受软木微观结构多尺度配置的启发，本文描述了由硬质脆性相和软质柔性相组成的新型多层多孔复合材料（MCC）结构的设计，3D打印和评估。已经通过实验和数值研究了3D打印MCC结构的力学行为。实验表明，MCC结构在高达70％的压缩应变下吸收的能量是传统细胞结构的四倍。有限元模拟和2D数字图像相关性（DIC）还表明，多层体系结构提供了更均匀的应变分布和更高的应力传递效率，从而产生了渐进式失效模式，而不是灾难性的失效模式。循环载荷测试表明，MCC结构在高达40％的压缩变形下也具有出色的形状恢复能力。这些卓越的性能特征是由于两种组成材料的性能与所选的多层多孔微结构之间的协同作用而产生的。尤其是软相，在加载过程中吸收弹性能量，然后在卸载时释放存储的能量，起着举足轻重的作用。软相的体积分数对于控制能量吸收和破坏模式的转变也至关重要。此处展示的变形机制很健壮，可应用于跨多个长度尺度的其他建筑蜂窝材料，并提出了设计轻质和高回弹结构材料的新方法。