Soil salinity continuously threatens the sustainability of several economically strategic crop production systems in Tunisia, especially in the arid and Saharan areas. In addition, it also affects microbial populations associated with the roots of crop plants, which are known to contribute efficiently to crop’s productivity and adaptation to environmental stresses. In this respect, the effect of soil salinity on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), the flagship crop of Tunisian oases, is still rarely studied. The present work is the first investigation of the colonization of date palm roots by AMF and the production of easily-extractable glomalin related soil protein (EE-GRSP) in different date palm plantations where soils present high salinity rates up to 7.6 dS m⁻¹. The results revealed a negative correlation between soil salinity and the intensity of mycorrhization on one hand but a positive correlation between soil salinity and EE-GRSP and spore density on the other hand. This suggests that the production of EE-GRSP might be involved in the tolerance of AMF to elevated salinity in the soil. In addition, four AMF species, identified based on spore morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses, have been recovered in single spore derived cultures, namely Albahypha drummondii, Dominikia disticha, Funneliformis coronatus and Rhizoglomus irregulare. The investigation of the current mycorrhizal status of date palm roots and rhizosphere soil EE-GRSP concentrations along a salinity gradient on one side and isolation and identification of AMF strains native to Tunisian oases ecosystems one the other represent first steps towards the development of sustainable agricultural practices in this region where salinity is the main production-limiting factor.

中文翻译：

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盐度不同的突尼斯撒哈拉绿洲中生长的与凤凰dactylifera L.相关的丛枝菌根真菌

土壤盐分持续威胁突尼斯，特别是干旱和撒哈拉地区的一些具有经济战略意义的作物生产系统的可持续性。此外，它还会影响与作物根部相关的微生物种群，已知这些微生物能有效地促进作物的生产力和对环境压力的适应。在这方面，土壤盐分对与椰枣（Phoenix dactylifera）相关的丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的影响L.）是突尼斯绿洲的旗舰作物，目前仍很少研究。目前的工作是对AMF对枣椰树根定植和在土壤中盐分高达7.6 dS m ^-1的高盐椰树种植园中易提取的gloomalin相关土壤蛋白（EE-GRSP）的生产的首次研究。。结果一方面显示了土壤盐度与菌根强度之间的负相关，另一方面显示了土壤盐度与EE-GRSP和孢子密度之间的正相关。这表明EE-GRSP的产生可能与AMF对土壤盐分升高的耐受性有关。此外，根据孢子形态和分子系统发育分析鉴定出的四种AMF物种，已在单个孢子来源的培养物中被回收，分别是Albahypha drummondii，Dominikia disticha，Funneliformis coronatus和Rhizoglomus Regulare。。沿盐度梯度调查枣棕榈根和根际土壤EE-GRSP浓度的当前菌根状况，以及隔离和鉴定突尼斯绿洲生态系统原生的AMF菌种，这是发展可持续农业实践的第一步在该地区，盐度是主要的生产限制因素。