The possibility of obtaining calcium carbonate nanoparticles from Achatina fulica shell through mechanochemical synthesis to be used as a modifying filler for polymer materials has been studied. The process of obtaining calcium carbonate nanopowders includes two stages: dry and wet milling processes. At the first stage, the collected shell was dry milled and undergone mechanical sieving to ≤50 μm. The shell particles were wet milled afterward with four different solvents (water, methanol, ethylene glycol, and ethanol) and washed using the decantation method. The particle size and shape were investigated on transmission electron microscopy, and twenty-three particle counts were examined using an iTEM image analyzer. Significantly, nanoparticle sizes ranging from 11.56 to 180.06 nm of calcium carbonate was achieved after the dry and wet milling processes. The size particles collected vary with the different solvents used, and calcium carbonate synthesis with ethanol offered the smallest organic particle size with the average size ranging within 13.48-42.90 nm. The effect of the solvent on the chemical characteristics such as the functional group, elemental composition, and carbonate ion of calcium carbonate nanopowders obtained from Achatina fulica shell was investigated. The chemical characterization was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive spectroscope (EDX). The effect of milling procedures on the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, stiffness, and hardness of prepared nanocomposites was also determined. This technique has shown that calcium carbonate nanoparticles can be produced at low cost, with low agglomeration, uniformity of crystal morphology, and structure from Achatina fulica shell. It also proved that the solvents used for milling have no adverse effect on the chemical properties of the nano-CaCO₃ produced. The loading of calcium carbonate nanoparticles, wet milled with different solvents, exhibited different mechanical properties, and nanocomposites filled with methanol-milled nano-CaCO₃ offered superior mechanical properties.

中文翻译：

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机械化学法优化木薯壳纳米CaCO3研磨工艺的优化

研究了通过机械化学合成从Achatina fulica壳中获得碳酸钙纳米颗粒用作聚合物材料的改性填料的可能性。获得碳酸钙纳米粉的过程包括两个阶段：干磨和湿磨工艺。在第一阶段，所收集的壳被干磨并将经历机械筛分至≤50  μ米 然后将壳颗粒与四种不同的溶剂（水，甲醇，乙二醇和乙醇）一起湿磨，并使用倾析方法进行洗涤。在透射电子显微镜上研究了粒径和形状，并使用iTEM图像分析仪检查了二十三个颗粒计数。明显地，在干磨和湿磨过程之后，获得了碳酸钙的纳米颗粒尺寸为11.56至180.06nm。所收集的颗粒尺寸随所用溶剂的不同而不同，用乙醇合成碳酸钙可提供最小的有机颗粒尺寸，平均尺寸在13.48-42.90 nm之间。溶剂对从中获得的碳酸钙纳米粉的化学特性（如官能团，元素组成和碳酸根离子）的影响研究了Achatina fulica壳。使用傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）和配有能量色散光谱仪（EDX）的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析化学特征。还确定了研磨程序对所制备的纳米复合材料的机械性能如拉伸强度，刚度和硬度的影响。该技术表明碳酸钙纳米颗粒可以低成本，低团聚，晶体形态的均匀性以及来自褐壳贝壳的结构来生产。还证明用于研磨的溶剂对纳米CaCO ₃的化学性质没有不利影响。生产的。用不同溶剂湿磨的碳酸钙纳米粒子的负载量表现出不同的机械性能，而填充有甲醇磨碎的纳米CaCO _3的纳米复合材料则具有出色的机械性能。