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Eco‐evolutionary dynamics driven by fishing: From single species models to dynamic evolution within complex food webs
Evolutionary Applications ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-05 , DOI: 10.1111/eva.13058
Tommi Perälä 1 , Anna Kuparinen 1
Affiliation  

Evidence of contemporary evolution across ecological time scales stimulated research on the eco‐evolutionary dynamics of natural populations. Aquatic systems provide a good setting to study eco‐evolutionary dynamics owing to a wealth of long‐term monitoring data and the detected trends in fish life‐history traits across intensively harvested marine and freshwater systems. In the present study, we focus on modelling approaches to simulate eco‐evolutionary dynamics of fishes and their ecosystems. Firstly, we review the development of modelling from single species to multispecies approaches. Secondly, we advance the current state‐of‐the‐art methodology by implementing evolution of life‐history traits of a top predator into the context of complex food web dynamics as described by the allometric trophic network (ATN) framework. The functioning of our newly developed eco‐evolutionary ATNE framework is illustrated using a well‐studied lake food web. Our simulations show how both natural selection arising from feeding interactions and size‐selective fishing cause evolutionary changes in the top predator and how those feed back to its prey species and further cascade down to lower trophic levels. Finally, we discuss future directions, particularly the need to integrate genomic discoveries into eco‐evolutionary projections.

中文翻译:

捕捞驱动的生态进化动力学:从单一物种模型到复杂食物网络中的动态进化

跨生态时间尺度的当代演变的证据刺激了对自然种群生态进化动力学的研究。由于大量的长期监测数据以及密集捕捞的海洋和淡水系统中鱼类生命历史特征的检测趋势,水生系统为研究生态进化动力学提供了良好的环境。在本研究中,我们集中于模拟鱼类及其生态系统的生态进化动力学的建模方法。首先,我们回顾了从单一物种到多物种方法的建模发展。其次,我们通过将异食性营养网络(ATN)框架描述为将顶级捕食者的生活历史特征演变为复杂的食物网动态,从而推进了当前最先进的方法。我们使用经过精心研究的湖泊食物网说明了我们新开发的生态进化ATNE框架的功能。我们的模拟显示了进食相互作用和按大小选择捕捞所产生的自然选择如何引起顶级捕食者的进化变化,以及这些食物如何回馈其猎物物种并进一步降低到较低的营养水平。最后,我们讨论了未来的方向,特别是将基因组发现整合到生态进化预测中的需求。
更新日期:2020-07-05
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