Social interactions present opportunities for both information and infection to spread through populations. Social learning is often proposed as a key benefit of sociality, while infectious disease spread are proposed as a major cost. Multiple empirical and theoretical studies have demonstrated the importance of social structure for the transmission of either information or harmful pathogens and parasites, but rarely in combination. We provide an overview of relevant empirical studies, discuss differences in the transmission processes of infection and information, and review how these processes have been modelled. Finally, we highlight ways in which animal social network structure and dynamics might mediate the tradeoff between the sharing of information and infection. We reveal how modular social network structures can promote the spread of information and mitigate against the spread of infection relative to other network structures. We discuss how the maintenance of long‐term social bonds, clustering of social contacts in time, and adaptive plasticity in behavioural interactions, all play important roles in influencing the transmission of information and infection. We provide novel hypotheses and suggest new directions for research that quantifies the transmission of information and infection simultaneously across different network structures to help tease apart their influence on the evolution of social behaviour.

中文翻译：

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感染还是知情？社会结构以及信息和传染病的同时传播

社会互动为信息和感染提供了通过人群传播的机会。人们通常认为社会学习是社交的主要好处，而传染病传播则被认为是主要的花费。多项经验和理论研究表明，社会结构对于信息或有害病原体和寄生虫的传播非常重要，但很少结合使用。我们提供了有关经验研究的概述，讨论了感染和信息传播过程的差异，并回顾了如何模拟这些过程。最后，我们重点介绍了动物社交网络的结构和动态可能如何介导信息共享和感染之间的折衷。我们揭示了模块化的社交网络结构如何能够促进信息传播并相对于其他网络结构减轻感染的传播。我们讨论了长期社会纽带的维护，及时的社会联系聚集以及行为交互中的适应性可塑性在影响信息传播和感染方面都起着重要作用。我们提供了新颖的假设，并提出了新的研究方向，以量化不同网络结构中信息和感染的传播同时，以帮助弄清它们对社会行为演变的影响。行为互动中的适应性和适应性可塑性在影响信息传播和感染中都起着重要作用。我们提供了新颖的假设，并提出了新的研究方向，以量化不同网络结构中信息和感染的传播同时，以帮助弄清它们对社会行为演变的影响。行为互动中的适应性和适应性可塑性在影响信息传播和感染中都起着重要作用。我们提供了新颖的假设，并提出了新的研究方向，以量化不同网络结构中信息和感染的传播同时，以帮助弄清它们对社会行为演变的影响。