The aim of this paper is to make the point on the fortieth years study on the β‐glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus. This enzyme represents one of the thermophilic biocatalysts, which is more extensively studied as witnessed by the numerous literature reports available since 1980. Comprehensive biochemical studies highlighted its broad substrate specificity for β‐d‐galacto‐, gluco‐, and fuco‐sides and also showed its remarkable exo‐glucosidase and transglycosidase activities. The enzyme demonstrated to be active and stable over a wide range of temperature and pHs, withstanding to several drastic conditions comprising solvents and detergents. Over the years, a great deal of studies were focused on its homotetrameric tridimensional structure, elucidating several structural features involved in the enzyme stability, such as ion pairs and post‐translational modifications. Several β‐glycosidase mutants were produced in the years in order to understand its peculiar behavior in extreme conditions and/or to improve its functional properties. The β‐glycosidase overproduction was also afforded reporting numerous studies dealing with its production in the mesophilic host Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, and Lactococcus lactis. Relevant applications in food, beverages, bioenergy, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical fields of this enzyme, both in free and immobilized forms, highlighted its biotechnological relevance.

中文翻译：

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关于S. solfataricus的热稳定β-糖苷酶的四十年研究：生产，生化表征和生物技术应用。

本文的目的是要指出对Sulfolobus solfataricus的β-糖苷酶进行四十年研究的重点。自1980年以来，已有大量文献报道证明了这种酶是嗜热性生物催化剂中的一种，对此进行了更广泛的研究。全面的生化研究突出了其对β- d的广泛底物特异性。半乳糖，葡糖和岩藻糖苷，也显示出其显着的外葡糖苷酶和转糖苷酶活性。该酶在宽范围的温度和pH值范围内均表现出活性和稳定性，即使在包括溶剂和去污剂在内的多种剧烈条件下也能发挥作用。多年来，大量研究集中在其同四聚体三维结构上，阐明了涉及酶稳定性的几个结构特征，例如离子对和翻译后修饰。这些年来，生产了几种β-糖苷酶突变体，以了解其在极端条件下的特殊行为和/或改善其功能特性。β-糖苷酶的过量生产也得到报道，报道了许多有关在嗜温宿主大肠杆菌中生产β-糖苷酶的研究。，酿酒酵母，毕赤酵母和乳酸乳球菌。该酶以游离形式和固定形式在食品，饮料，生物能源，制药和营养保健领域的相关应用，突显了其生物技术意义。