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NSAIDs detected in Iberian avian scavengers and carrion after diclofenac registration for veterinary use in Spain.
Environmental Pollution ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115157
Marta Herrero-Villar 1 , Roser Velarde 2 , Pablo R Camarero 1 , Mark A Taggart 3 , Victor Bandeira 4 , Carlos Fonseca 4 , Ignasi Marco 5 , Rafael Mateo 1
Affiliation  

Despite the now well recognised impact of diclofenac on vultures across the Indian subcontinent, this non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was registered in 2013 for livestock treatment in Spain, Europe's main vulture stronghold. We assessed the risk of exposure to diclofenac and nine other NSAIDs in avian scavengers in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) after the onset of diclofenac commercialization. We sampled 228 livestock carcasses from vulture feeding sites, primarily pig (n = 156) and sheep (n = 45). We also sampled tissues of 389 avian scavenger carcasses (306 Eurasian griffon vultures, 15 cinereous vultures, 11 Egyptian vultures, 12 bearded vultures and 45 other facultative scavengers). Samples were analysed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LCMS). Seven livestock carcasses (es.pons.com/traducción/inglés-español/3.">3.07%) contained NSAID residues: flunixin (es.pons.com/traducción/inglés-español/1.">1.75%), ketoprofen, diclofenac and meloxicam (0.44% each). NSAID residues were only detected in sheep (4.44%) and pig (3.21%) carcasses. Fourteen dead avian scavengers (3.60%) had NSAID residues in kidney and liver, specifically flunixin (1.03%) and meloxicam (2.57%). Flunixin was associated with visceral gout and/or kidney damage in three (0.98%) dead Eurasian griffons. To date, diclofenac poisoning has not been observed in Spain and Portugal, however, flunixin would appear to pose an immediate and clear risk. This work supports the need for well managed carrion disposal, alongside appropriate risk labelling on veterinary NSAIDs and other pharmaceuticals potentially toxic to avian scavengers.



中文翻译:

在西班牙对双氯芬酸进行兽医注册后,在伊比利亚鸟类清道夫和腐肉中发现了NSAID。

尽管双氯芬酸对印度次大陆的秃impact产生了公认的影响,但该非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)于2013年在欧洲主要秃strong据点西班牙进行了家畜治疗注册。在双氯芬酸商业化后,我们评估了伊比利亚半岛(西班牙和葡萄牙)鸟类清除剂中双氯芬酸和其他9种NSAID暴露的风险。我们从秃feeding摄食点采样了228头牲畜尸体,主要是猪(n = 156)和绵羊(n = 45)。我们还采样了389个禽清道夫尸体的组织(306个欧亚狮,、 15个灰泥er,11个埃及秃,、 12个有胡子秃ul和45个其他兼职清道夫)。样品通过液相色谱-质谱法(LCMS)分析。七个牲畜屠体(es.pons。com /traducción/inglés-español/ 3。“> 3.07%)含有NSAID残留:氟尼辛(es.pons.com/traducción/inglés-español/1.">1.75%),酮洛芬,双氯芬酸和美洛昔康(各0.44%) )。仅在绵羊(4.44%)和猪(3.21%)的尸体中检测到NSAID残留。十四个死亡的禽清道夫(3.60%)在肾脏和肝脏中具有NSAID残留,特别是氟尼辛(1.03%)和美洛昔康(2.57%)。氟尼辛与三个(0.98%)死亡的欧亚狮g内脏痛风和/或肾脏损害有关。迄今为止,在西班牙和葡萄牙尚未观察到双氯芬酸中毒,但是氟尼辛似乎构成了直接而明确的风险。这项工作支持对腐肉进行妥善管理的需要,以及对兽用非甾体抗炎药和其他可能对禽类清除剂有毒的药物的适当风险标签。仅在绵羊(4.44%)和猪(3.21%)的尸体中检测到NSAID残留。十四个死亡的禽清道夫(3.60%)在肾脏和肝脏中具有NSAID残留,特别是氟尼辛(1.03%)和美洛昔康(2.57%)。氟尼辛与三个(0.98%)死亡的欧亚狮g内脏痛风和/或肾脏损害有关。迄今为止,在西班牙和葡萄牙尚未观察到双氯芬酸中毒,但是氟尼辛似乎构成了直接而明确的风险。这项工作支持需要对腐肉进行妥善管理的处理,以及对兽用NSAID和其他可能对禽类清除剂有毒的药物的适当风险标签。仅在绵羊(4.44%)和猪(3.21%)的尸体中检测到NSAID残留。十四个死亡的禽清道夫(3.60%)在肾脏和肝脏中具有NSAID残留,特别是氟尼辛(1.03%)和美洛昔康(2.57%)。氟尼辛与三个(0.98%)死亡的欧亚狮g内脏痛风和/或肾脏损害有关。迄今为止,在西班牙和葡萄牙尚未观察到双氯芬酸中毒,但是氟尼辛似乎构成了直接而明确的风险。这项工作支持对腐肉进行妥善管理的需要,以及对兽用非甾体抗炎药和其他可能对禽类清除剂有毒的药物的适当风险标签。氟尼辛与三个(0.98%)死亡的欧亚狮g内脏痛风和/或肾脏损害有关。迄今为止,在西班牙和葡萄牙尚未观察到双氯芬酸中毒,但是氟尼辛似乎构成了直接而明确的风险。这项工作支持对腐肉进行妥善处理的需要,以及对兽用非甾体抗炎药和其他可能对禽类清除剂有毒的药物的适当风险标签。氟尼辛与三例(0.98%)死亡的欧亚狮riff内脏痛风和/或肾脏损害有关。迄今为止,在西班牙和葡萄牙尚未观察到双氯芬酸中毒,但是氟尼辛似乎构成了直接而明确的风险。这项工作支持需要对腐肉进行妥善管理的处理,以及对兽用NSAID和其他可能对禽类清除剂有毒的药物的适当风险标签。

更新日期:2020-07-05
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