GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis is a well-known decision support tool that can be used in a wide variety of contexts. It is particularly useful for territorial planning in situations where several actors with different, and sometimes contradictory, point of views have to take a decision regarding land use development. While the impact of the weights used to represent the relative importance of criteria has been widely studied in the recent literature, the impact of the order weights used to combine the criteria have rarely been investigated. This paper presents a spatial sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of order weights determination in GIS-based Multi-Criteria Analysis by Ordered Weighted Averaging. We propose a methodology based on an efficient exploration of the decision-strategy space defined by the level of risk and trade-off in the decision process. We illustrate our approach with a land use planning process in the South of France. The objective is to find suitable areas for urban development while preserving green areas and their associated ecosystem services. The ecosystem service approach has indeed the potential to widen the scope of traditional landscape-ecological planning by including ecosystem-based benefits, including social and economic benefits, green infrastructures and biophysical parameters in urban and territorial planning. We show that in this particular case the decision-strategy space can be divided into four clusters. Each of them is associated with a map summarizing the average spatial suitability distribution used to identify potential areas for urban development. We also demonstrate the pertinence of a spatial variance within-cluster analysis to disentangle the relationship between risk and trade-off values. At the end, we perform a site suitability ranking analysis to assess the relationship between the four detected clusters.

中文翻译：

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用于有效领土规划策略的综合决策策略空间探索

基于 GIS 的多标准决策分析是一种众所周知的决策支持工具，可用于各种环境。当多个行为者持不同观点，有时甚至是相互矛盾的观点必须就土地利用开发做出决定时，它对于领土规划特别有用。虽然在最近的文献中广泛研究了用于表示标准相对重要性的权重的影响，但很少研究用于组合标准的顺序权重的影响。本文提出了一种空间敏感性分析，以通过有序加权平均评估基于 GIS 的多标准分析中确定订单权重的影响。我们提出了一种基于对由决策过程中的风险和权衡水平定义的决策策略空间的有效探索的方法。我们通过法国南部的土地利用规划过程来说​​明我们的方法。目标是寻找适合城市发展的区域，同时保护绿地及其相关的生态系统服务。生态系统服务方法确实有可能扩大传统景观生态规划的范围，将基于生态系统的利益包括在城市和领土规划中，包括社会和经济利益、绿色基础设施和生物物理参数。我们表明，在这种特殊情况下，决策策略空间可以分为四个集群。它们中的每一个都与一张地图相关联，该地图总结了用于确定城市发展潜在区域的平均空间适宜性分布。我们还证明了聚类内空间方差分析的相关性，以解开风险和权衡值之间的关系。最后，我们执行站点适宜性排名分析以评估四个检测到的集群之间的关系。