Abstract Biopolymer nanocomposite integrated antibacterial property with customized mechanical property is attractive for food packaging industry, biomedical and tissue engineering. Herein, we demonstrate one facile approach to engineer biopolymer nanocomposite with customized mechanical property and exceptional antibacterial activity. Customization of the mechanical property of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based nanocomposite is achieved by tuning the ratio of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and graphene oxide (GO). We investigated the water resistance and water vapor barrier properties of the engineered PVA/CNC/GO nanocomposites. Biopolymer nanocomposite is capable to undergo softening under higher relative humidity (98% RH) and shows extraordinary ductility. The inclusion of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by in-situ reduction of silver nitrate modulates the mechanical property of ready-made PVA/CNC/GO nanocomposite and improves water resistance and water vapor barrier. The antibacterial test demonstrates AgNP-loaded PVA/CNC/GO nanocomposite is endowed with an exceptional antibacterial capacity for both Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria. The antibacterial durability test exhibits the Ag NP-loaded PVA/CNC/GO nanocomposite maintain similar antibacterial capability after washing nanocomposite for 30 d. AgNP-loaded PVA/CNC/GO nanocomposite with customized mechanical property and extraordinary antibacterial activity will open new venues for material design in food packaging, biomedical and tissue engineering.

中文翻译：

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具有定制机械性能和卓越抗菌性能的生物聚合物纳米复合材料

摘要 生物聚合物纳米复合材料将抗菌性能与定制的机械性能相结合，对食品包装行业、生物医学和组织工程具有吸引力。在此，我们展示了一种简便的方法来设计具有定制机械性能和卓越抗菌活性的生物聚合物纳米复合材料。通过调整纤维素纳米晶体 (CNC) 和氧化石墨烯 (GO) 的比例，实现了聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 基纳米复合材料机械性能的定制。我们研究了工程 PVA/CNC/GO 纳米复合材料的防水性和水蒸气阻隔性能。生物聚合物纳米复合材料能够在较高的相对湿度 (98% RH) 下软化，并显示出非凡的延展性。通过硝酸银的原位还原包含银纳米粒子 (Ag NPs) 调节了现成的 PVA/CNC/GO 纳米复合材料的机械性能，并提高了耐水性和水蒸气阻隔性。抗菌测试表明，负载 AgNP 的 PVA/CNC/GO 纳米复合材料对革兰氏阴性（大肠杆菌）和革兰氏阳性（金黄色葡萄球菌）细菌都具有卓越的抗菌能力。抗菌耐久性试验表明，负载Ag NP 的PVA/CNC/GO 纳米复合材料在洗涤纳米复合材料30 天后仍保持相似的抗菌能力。具有定制机械性能和非凡抗菌活性的负载 AgNP 的 PVA/CNC/GO 纳米复合材料将为食品包装、生物医学和组织工程中的材料设计开辟新的领域。