Many studies have shown that aerosols have an important effect on the cloud reflectance of solar radiation and cloud lifetime, however, the effect of aerosols on the cloud development might be over- or under-estimated without considering the meteorological conditions. In this study, the effect of aerosol optical depth (AOD) on low warm cloud development (cloud fraction (CF) and cloud top pressure (CTP) stood for the horizontal and vertical development of clouds) over Shanghai, were analyzed based on the water vapor (WV) and atmospheric stability (K index) with ten-year (2006–2015) data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations. The AOD, CF, WV, and K index had similar monthly variations, and their maxima occurred in summer. The maximal AOD in summer might be a result of moisture absorption growth of fine aerosols when there was a large amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. The influence of the WV on the CF was greater than that of the AOD. The results of the satellite data showed that a negative relationship between AOD and CF, which might be caused by the absorptive aerosols. Furthermore, the WV and AOD promoted the vertical development of clouds, which increased the cloud top altitude (the CTP decreased). Besides, the effects of the atmospheric stability (K index) on the horizontal and vertical development of clouds due to AOD were different. When the K index was below 20 °C, the influence of AOD on the CF was significant; for a K index above 20 °C, the influence was greatly weakened. With the increasing K index, the influence of AOD on CTP increased.

许多研究表明，气溶胶对太阳辐射的云反射率和云寿命具有重要影响，但是，如果不考虑气象条件，气溶胶对云发展的影响可能被高估或低估了。在这项研究中，基于水，分析了气溶胶光学深度（AOD）对上海低暖云发展（云量（CF）和云顶压力（CTP）代表云的水平和垂直发展）的影响。来自中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）的十年（2006-2015）数据得出的蒸汽（WV）和大气稳定性（K指数）。AOD，CF，WV和K指数的月度变化相似，并且最大值出现在夏季。夏季最大的AOD可能是由于大气中存在大量水蒸气时细小气溶胶的水分吸收增长所致。WV对CF的影响大于AOD。卫星数据的结果表明，AOD和CF之间存在负相关关系，这可能是由于吸收性气溶胶引起的。此外，西风和AOD促进了云的垂直发展，从而增加了云顶高度（CTP降低）。此外，大气稳定性（K指数）对AOD引起的云的水平和垂直发展的影响也不同。当K指数低于20°C时，AOD对CF的影响是显着的。当K指数高于20°C时，影响会大大减弱。随着K指数的增加，AOD对CTP的影响增加。