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The influence of species abundance, diet and phylogenetic affinity on the co-occurrence of butterflyfishes
Marine Biology ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s00227-020-03725-7
Lucas T. Nunes , Alexandre C. Siqueira , Isadora Cord , Benjamin M. Ford , Ana M. R. Liedke , Carlos E. L. Ferreira , Sergio R. Floeter

Understanding “why species are where they are” at different scales is one of the main focuses of ecological and biogeographical studies. Although ecological features, such as trophic group and species abundance, are thought to be more important for driving co-occurrence patterns at the habitat scale, it is not yet known if phylogenetic constraints can also exert some influence. Here, we studied global co-occurrence patterns of butterflyfishes in relation to species abundance, trophic characteristics, and evolutionary histories, specifically examining two questions—Question (1): does phylogenetic affinity and/or abundance explain co-occurrence at the habitat scale? To answer this, we used abundance data from 23 global localities to evaluate whether phylogenetic affinity alone as well as after accounting for differences in diet among sympatric species explains co-occurrences at the habitat scale. Question (2): are the diets of sister species from the Atlantic Ocean and the Eastern Pacific phylogenetically conserved? To examine this, we used a more detailed diet classification of species present within these realms. We found that phylogenetic distance per se fails to explain the co-occurrence of butterflyfish species pairs. Instead, species abundance exerted a major influence on interspecific co-occurrences. We also found no correlation between phylogenetic distance and diet similarities for Atlantic and East Pacific butterflyfishes; thus, in these regions, species' diets do not seem to be phylogenetically conserved. This suggests that evolutionary processes are not the main drivers of butterflyfish co-occurrence highlighting species' abundance and niche-related processes as the most important factors in determining whether species co-occur at the habitat scale.

中文翻译:

物种丰度、饮食和系统发育亲和力对蝴蝶鱼共生的影响

在不同尺度上理解“物种为何存在于它们所处的位置”是生态和生物地理学研究的主要焦点之一。虽然生态特征,如营养组和物种丰度,被认为对于驱动栖息地尺度的共生模式更为重要,但尚不清楚系统发育限制是否也能产生一些影响。在这里,我们研究了与物种丰度、营养特征和进化历史相关的蝴蝶鱼的全球共现模式,特别研究了两个问题——问题 (1):系统发育亲和力和/或丰度是否可以解释栖息地尺度的共现?要回答这个问题,我们使用来自 23 个全球地点的丰度数据来评估系统发育亲和力是否单独以及在考虑同域物种之间的饮食差异后解释了栖息地规模的共同发生。问题 (2):来自大西洋和东太平洋的姐妹物种的饮食在系统发育上是否保守?为了检查这一点,我们对这些领域中存在的物种进行了更详细的饮食分类。我们发现系统发育距离本身无法解释蝴蝶鱼物种对的共存。相反,物种丰度对种间共现产生了重大影响。我们还发现大西洋和东太平洋蝴蝶鱼的系统发育距离和饮食相似性之间没有相关性;因此,在这些地区,物种的饮食似乎在系统发育上并不保守。
更新日期:2020-07-04
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