The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of bio-polyol synthesized from used cooking oil on selected properties of rigid polyurethane foams. Application of bio-polyol allows utilization of used cooking oil in the preparation of polyurethane foams according to circular economy. In our work, bio-polyurethane foams were obtained by replacing 20, 60 and 100% of petrochemical polyol with bio-polyol from waste oil. It was observed that the introduction of the bio-polyol caused an increase in the reactivity of the polyurethane system during the foaming process, which was also confirmed by dielectric polarization changes. A complete replacement of petrochemical polyol with the bio-polyol caused cell opening in the foams. A replacement of 20 wt% of petrochemical polyol with the bio-polyol allowed preparation of polyurethane foams with improved thermal insulating properties. The introduction of 20% of the bio-polyol resulted in an increase of the compressive strength in a parallel direction compared to the reference material. The dimensional stability of bio-foams was very high since none of the dimensions differed by more than 0.5% upon treatment with an elevated temperature (70 °C).

这项工作的目的是评估由用过的食用油合成的生物多元醇对硬质聚氨酯泡沫的选定性能的影响。根据循环经济，生物多元醇的应用允许将用过的食用油用于制备聚氨酯泡沫。在我们的工作中，用废油中的生物多元醇代替了20％，60％和100％的石化多元醇，从而获得了生物聚氨酯泡沫。观察到，在发泡过程中，生物多元醇的引入导致聚氨酯体系的反应性增加，这也由介电极化变化证实。用生物多元醇完全替代石化多元醇会导致泡沫中的孔洞张开。用生物多元醇代替20wt％的石油化学多元醇可以制备具有改善的绝热性能的聚氨酯泡沫。与参考材料相比，引入20％的生物多元醇导致平行方向的抗压强度增加。生物泡沫的尺寸稳定性非常高，因为在高温（70°C）处理后，尺寸差异均不超过0.5％。