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Pretreatment with Antibiotics Impairs Th17-Mediated Antifungal Immunity in Newborn Rats.
Inflammation ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01287-w
Ping Wang 1 , Jie Yao 1 , Li Deng 1 , Xiaoqi Yang 1 , Wei Luo 1 , Wei Zhou 1
Affiliation  

Clinical studies have confirmed that the use of antibiotics, especially carbapenems, is a high-risk factor for fungal infection in preterm infants. However, it is not entirely clear whether the increased risk for fungal infection is due to the immune differences in preterm infants or antibiotic usage. We found that after newborn rats received antibiotics, they exhibited significantly impaired anti–Candida albicans immunity in comparison with those without treatment, as shown by significantly increased levels of fungal glucan in the peripheral blood, multiple caseous fungal infections in the abdominal cavity, intestinal congestion, ischemia, and a decrease in the number of intestinal villi. Mechanistically, pretreatment with antibiotics diminished antifungal innate immunity by TLR2 and inhibited IL-17A release and neutrophil recruitment, leading to increased susceptibility to fungi. In summary, we demonstrate that antibiotic usage impairs antifungal immunity in neonates and suggest that antifungal prophylaxis may be required after antibiotic treatment in high-risk preterm babies.



中文翻译:

抗生素预处理会损害新生大鼠 Th17 介导的抗真菌免疫。

临床研究证实,使用抗生素,尤其是碳青霉烯类,是早产儿真菌感染的高危因素。然而,尚不清楚真菌感染风险的增加是由于早产儿的免疫差异还是抗生素的使用。我们发现新生大鼠接受抗生素治疗后,它们的抗白色念珠菌显着受损。与未经治疗的患者相比,外周血中真菌葡聚糖水平显着升高、腹腔内多发干酪性真菌感染、肠充血、缺血和肠绒毛数量减少。从机制上讲,抗生素预处理降低了 TLR2 的抗真菌先天免疫,抑制了 IL-17A 释放和中性粒细胞募集,导致对真菌的易感性增加。总之,我们证明抗生素的使用会损害新生儿的抗真菌免疫,并建议对高危早产儿进行抗生素治疗后可能需要进行抗真菌预防。

更新日期:2020-07-05
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