Forests are among the most species rich habitats and the way they are managed influences their capacity to protect biodiversity. To fulfill increasing wood demands in the future, planted and non-planted wood production will need to expand. While biodiversity assessments usually focus on the impacts of deforestation, the effects of wood harvest are mostly not considered, especially not in a spatially explicit manner. We present here a global approach to refine the representation of forest management through allocating future wood production to planted and non-planted forests. Wood production, following wood consumption projections of three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, was allocated using likelihood maps for planted and production forests. On a global scale, plantations for wood production were projected to increase by 45–65% and harvested area in non-planted forests by 1–17%. The biodiversity impacts of changes in wood production patterns were estimated by applying two commonly used indicators: (1) changes in species richness and (2) changes in habitat-suitable ranges of single species. The impact was analyzed using forest cover changes as reference. Our results show that, although forest cover changes have the largest impact on biodiversity, changes in wood production also have a significant effect. The magnitude of impacts caused by changes of wood production substantially differs by region and taxa. Given the importance of forest production changes in net negative emission pathways, more focus should be put on assessing the effects of future changes in wood production patterns as part of overall land use change impacts.

中文翻译：

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在全球脊椎动物生物多样性评估中考虑未来木材生产的影响

森林是物种最丰富的栖息地之一，其管理方式会影响它们保护生物多样性的能力。为了满足未来日益增长的木材需求，种植和非种植木材的生产将需要扩大。虽然生物多样性评估通常侧重于森林砍伐的影响，但大多没有考虑木材采伐的影响，尤其是没有以空间明确的方式。我们在此介绍了一种通过将未来的木材生产分配给人工林和非人工林来完善森林管理代表性的全球方法。根据三个共享社会经济途径的木材消耗预测，木材生产使用人工林和生产林的可能性图进行分配。在全球范围内，预计用于木材生产的人工林将增加 45-65%，非人工林的采伐面积将增加 1-17%。木材生产模式变化对生物多样性的影响是通过应用两个常用指标来估计的：(1) 物种丰富度的变化和 (2) 单一物种栖息地适宜范围的变化。使用森林覆盖变化作为参考来分析影响。我们的研究结果表明，虽然森林覆盖变化对生物多样性的影响最大，但木材生产的变化也有显着影响。木材生产变化造成的影响程度因地区和分类群而异。鉴于森林生产变化在净负排放路径中的重要性，