Among placental mammals, females undergo immunological shifts during pregnancy to accommodate the fetus (i.e. fetal tolerance). Fetal tolerance has primarily been characterized within post-industrial populations experiencing evolutionarily novel conditions (e.g. reduced pathogen exposure), which may shape maternal response to fetal antigens. This study investigates how ecological conditions affect maternal immune status during pregnancy by comparing the direction and magnitude of immunological changes associated with each trimester among the Tsimane (a subsistence population subjected to high pathogen load) and women in the USA.

中文翻译：

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怀孕期间的免疫功能在生态不同的人群之间存在差异

在胎盘哺乳动物中，雌性在怀孕期间会经历免疫转变以适应胎儿（即胎儿耐受性）。胎儿耐受性主要是在经历进化新条件（例如减少病原体暴露）的后工业化人群中表征的，这可能会影响母体对胎儿抗原的反应。本研究通过比较 Tsimane（遭受高病原体负荷的生存人群）和美国妇女每个妊娠期相关的免疫变化的方向和程度，探讨生态条件如何影响怀孕期间的母体免疫状态。