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Vaginal Microbiota Changes During Estrous Cycle in Dairy Heifers.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 , DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00371
Juan J Quereda 1 , Marta Barba 1 , María Lorena Mocé 1 , Jesús Gomis 1 , Estrella Jiménez-Trigos 1 , Ángel García-Muñoz 1 , Ángel Gómez-Martín 1 , Pedro González-Torres 2 , Belén Carbonetto 2 , Empar García-Roselló 1
Affiliation  

The vaginal microbiota plays an important role in the health of dairy cattle, and it could be manipulated for the prevention and treatment of reproduction-related infections. The present study profiles and compares the vaginal microbiota of healthy dairy heifers during the estrous cycle focusing the results in follicular (estrus) and luteal (diestrus) phases using 16S rRNA sequencing of the V3–V4 hypervariable region. Twenty 13–16-months-old virgin dairy heifers from a single farm were included in this study. Vaginal swabs and blood samples were obtained during estrus (6–8 h before artificial insemination) and diestrus (14 days after insemination). Estrus was evaluated by an activity monitoring system and confirmed with plasma progesterone immunoassay. Results showed that the taxonomic composition of the vaginal microbiota was different during the follicular and luteal phases. At the phylum level, the most abundant bacterial phyla were Tenericutes, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes which comprised more than 75% of the vaginal microbiota composition. The next more abundant phyla, in order of decreasing abundance, were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Epsilonbacteraeota, and Patescibacteria. Together with Tenericutes, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes represented more than 96% of the bacterial composition. Ureaplasma, Histophilus, f_Corynebacteriaceae, Porphyromonas, Mycoplasma, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, were the most abundant genera or families. The results also showed that the vaginal microbiota of dairy heifers was non-lactobacillus dominant. The genus Lactobacillus was always found at a low relative abundance during the estrous cycle being more abundant in the follicular than in the luteal phase. Despite more research is needed to explore the potential use of native vaginal microbiota members as probiotics in dairy heifers, this study represents an important step forward. Understanding how the microbiota behaves in healthy heifers will help to identify vaginal dysbiosis related to disease.



中文翻译:

奶牛发情周期中阴道菌群的变化。

阴道微生物群在奶牛的健康中起着重要作用,可以通过操纵它来预防和治疗与繁殖有关的感染。本研究概述并比较了发情周期中健康乳牛的阴道微生物区系,并使用V3–V4高变区的16S rRNA测序将结果集中在卵泡期(发情期)和黄体期(二胚期)。这项研究包括了来自单个农场的20个13-16个月大的原始奶牛。在发情期(人工授精前6-8小时)和发情期(授精后14天)获得阴道拭子和血样。通过活动监测系统评估发情,并通过血浆孕酮免疫测定法确认。结果表明,在卵泡期和黄体期,阴道微生物群的分类学组成有所不同。在门的水平上,最丰富的细菌门是Tenericutes,Firmicutes和Bacteroidetes,它们占阴道微生物群组成的75%以上。按照丰度递减的顺序,下一个更丰富的门为:变形杆菌,放线杆菌,融合杆菌,E细菌和杆状杆菌。与Tenericutes,Firmicutes和Bacteroidetes一起占细菌组成的96%以上。放线菌属,梭菌属,Epsilonbacteraeota和Patecibacteria。与Tenericutes,Firmicutes和Bacteroidetes一起占细菌组成的96%以上。放线菌属,梭菌属,Epsilonbacteraeota和Patecibacteria。与Tenericutes,Firmicutes和Bacteroidetes一起占细菌组成的96%以上。脲原体,嗜血杆菌,f_Corynebacteriaceae,卟啉单胞菌,支原体,球菌科UCG-005是最丰富的属或家族。结果还表明,奶牛的阴道微生物群不是乳杆菌。属乳杆菌在发情周期中,总是发现卵泡中的相对丰度比黄体期的相对丰度低。尽管需要更多的研究来探索将天然阴道微生物群成员作为益生菌在奶牛小母牛中的潜在用途,但这项研究代表了向前迈出的重要一步。了解微生物群在健康小母牛中的行为方式将有助于鉴定与疾病有关的阴道营养不良。

更新日期:2020-07-03
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