The paper provides the results of the inventory of pollutants hazardous to the health of living organisms, emitted by road transport in Poland between 1990 and 2017. For estimating pollutant emissions from road transport, a standardized methodology was applied, consistent with the guidance of EEA/EMEP Emission Inventory Guidebook 2019 and the COPERT 5 software. The following substances were analyzed: carbon monoxide (CO), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter size fractions (total suspended particles—TSP, PM10, PM2.5). For the pollutants, emission values averaged over the distance travelled by the road fleet (average specific distance emission) were determined. The results obtained indicated that between 1990 and 2017 the annual pollutant emissions from road vehicles in Poland had an increasing trend concerning TSP (74%), PM10 (64%), PM2.5 (52%) and NOx (25%), while the corresponding emissions had a decreasing trend for CO (−117%) and NMVOC (−85%). However, a clear downward trend was found for the average specific distance emissions of all substances throughout the subsequent inventory years: TSP (−28%), PM10 (−100%), PM2.5 (−91%), NOx (−84%), CO (−208%) and NMVOC (−173%), which is due to the dynamic progress in the technological advancement of road vehicles.

中文翻译：

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1990 年至 2017 年波兰道路运输排放的危害生物体健康的污染物清单

该论文提供了 1990 年至 2017 年波兰道路运输排放的危害生物体健康的污染物清单结果。为了估算道路运输的污染物排放，采用了标准化方法，与欧洲经济区/ EMEP 排放清单指南 2019 和 COPERT 5 软件。分析了以下物质：一氧化碳 (CO)、非甲烷挥发性有机化合物 (NMVOC)、氮氧化物 (NOx) 和颗粒物大小分数（总悬浮颗粒 - TSP、PM10、PM2.5）。对于污染物，确定了道路车队行驶距离的平均排放值（平均特定距离排放）。结果表明，1990年至2017年波兰道路车辆年污染物排放量均呈上升趋势，TSP（74%）、PM10（64%）、PM2.5（52%）和NOx（25%），而CO (-117%) 和 NMVOC (-85%) 的相应排放量呈下降趋势。然而，在随后的清单年中，所有物质的平均特定距离排放量均呈明显下降趋势：TSP (-28%)、PM10 (-100%)、PM2.5 (-91%)、NOx (-84 %)、CO (-208%) 和 NMVOC (-173%)，这是由于道路车辆技术进步的动态进步。