Background: Cancers are one of the leading causes of deaths nowadays. The development of new treatment schemes for oncological diseases is an interesting direction in experimental medicine. Therefore, the evaluation of the influence of two alkaloids—piperlongumine (PL), sanguinarine (SAN) and their combination—on the basic life processes of the A549 cell line was considered reasonable. Methods: The aim was achieved by analyzing the cytotoxic effects of PL and SAN and their combination in the ratio of 4:1 on the induction of cell death, changes in the distribution of cell cycle phases, reorganization of cytoskeleton and metastatic potential of A549 cells. The versatility of the applied concentration ratio was evaluated in terms of other cancer cell lines: MCF-7, H1299 and HepG2. Results: The results obtained from the MTT assay indicated that the interaction between the alkaloids depends on the concentration and type of cells. Additionally, the compounds and their combination did not exhibit a cytotoxic effect against normal cells. The combined effects of PL and SAN increased apoptosis and favored metastasis inhibition. Conclusion: Selected alkaloids exhibit a cytotoxic effect on A549 cells. In turn, treatment with the combination of PL and SAN in a 4:1 ratio indicates a synergistic effect and is associated with an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

中文翻译：

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胡椒碱与血根碱对非小肺癌的协同作用

背景：癌症是当今导致死亡的主要原因之一。开发新的肿瘤疾病治疗方案是实验医学的一个有趣方向。因此，评价两种生物碱——胡椒碱（PL）、血根碱（SAN）及其组合对A549细胞系基本生命过程的影响是合理的。方法：通过分析PL和SAN及其4:1比例组合对A549细胞诱导细胞死亡、细胞周期时相分布改变、细胞骨架重组和转移潜能的细胞毒作用。 . 根据其他癌细胞系：MCF-7、H1299 和 HepG2，评估了应用浓度比的多功能性。结果：从 MTT 分析获得的结果表明，生物碱之间的相互作用取决于细胞的浓度和类型。此外，这些化合物及其组合对正常细胞没有细胞毒性作用。PL 和 SAN 的联合作用增加了细胞凋亡并有利于抑制转移。结论：选定的生物碱对 A549 细胞具有细胞毒作用。反过来，用 4:1 的 PL 和 SAN 组合处理表明协同效应，并与活性氧 (ROS) 水平的增加有关。PL 和 SAN 的联合作用增加了细胞凋亡并有利于抑制转移。结论：选定的生物碱对 A549 细胞具有细胞毒作用。反过来，用 4:1 的 PL 和 SAN 组合处理表明协同效应，并与活性氧 (ROS) 水平的增加有关。PL 和 SAN 的联合作用增加了细胞凋亡并有利于抑制转移。结论：选定的生物碱对 A549 细胞具有细胞毒作用。反过来，用 4:1 的 PL 和 SAN 组合处理表明协同效应，并与活性氧 (ROS) 水平的增加有关。