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Extracellular proteolytic cascade in tomato activates immune protease Rcr3.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ( IF 11.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-21 , DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921101117
Judith K Paulus 1 , Jiorgos Kourelis 1 , Selva Ramasubramanian 2 , Felix Homma 1 , Alice Godson 1 , Anja C Hörger 2 , Tram Ngoc Hong 1, 2 , Daniel Krahn 1 , Laura Ossorio Carballo 1 , Shuaishuai Wang 3 , Joe Win 4 , Matthew Smoker 4 , Sophien Kamoun 4 , Suomeng Dong 3 , Renier A L van der Hoorn 2, 5
Affiliation  

Proteolytic cascades regulate immunity and development in animals, but these cascades in plants have not yet been reported. Here we report that the extracellular immune protease Rcr3 of tomato is activated by P69B and other subtilases (SBTs), revealing a proteolytic cascade regulating extracellular immunity in solanaceous plants. Rcr3 is a secreted papain-like Cys protease (PLCP) of tomato that acts both in basal resistance against late blight disease (Phytophthora infestans) and in gene-for-gene resistance against the fungal pathogen Cladosporium fulvum (syn. Passalora fulva). Despite the prevalent model that Rcr3-like proteases can activate themselves at low pH, we found that catalytically inactive proRcr3 mutant precursors are still processed into mature mRcr3 isoforms. ProRcr3 is processed by secreted P69B and other Asp-selective SBTs in solanaceous plants, providing robust immunity through SBT redundancy. The apoplastic effector EPI1 of P. infestans can block Rcr3 activation by inhibiting SBTs, suggesting that this effector promotes virulence indirectly by preventing the activation of Rcr3(-like) immune proteases. Rcr3 activation in Nicotiana benthamiana requires a SBT from a different subfamily, indicating that extracellular proteolytic cascades have evolved convergently in solanaceous plants or are very ancient in the plant kingdom. The frequent incidence of Asp residues in the cleavage region of Rcr3-like proteases in solanaceous plants indicates that activation of immune proteases by SBTs is a general mechanism, illuminating a proteolytic cascade that provides robust apoplastic immunity.



中文翻译:

番茄中的细胞外蛋白水解级联激活免疫蛋白酶Rcr3。

蛋白水解级联调节动物的免疫和发育,但是尚未报道植物中的这些级联。在这里我们报道番茄的细胞外免疫蛋白酶Rcr3被P69B和其他枯草蛋白酶(SBTs)激活,揭示了调节茄科植物细胞外免疫的蛋白水解级联反应。Rcr3是番茄的一种分泌的木瓜蛋白酶样Cys蛋白酶(PLCP),在基础上抗晚疫病(Phytophthora infestans),对真菌病原体苜蓿白粉病(Cladosporium fulvum)的基因对基因的抗性也起作用。。尽管普遍存在Rcr3样蛋白酶可以在低pH下活化的模型,但我们发现催化失活的proRcr3突变体前体仍被加工成成熟的mRcr3同工型。ProRcr3由茄科植物中分泌的P69B和其他Asp选择性SBT处理,从而通过SBT冗余提供强大的免疫力。致病疫霉的质外体效应子EPI1可以通过抑制SBT来阻断Rcr3的激活,这表明该效应子可以通过阻止Rcr3(样)免疫蛋白酶的激活而间接促进毒力。本氏烟草中的Rcr3激活需要来自不同亚科的SBT,表明胞外蛋白水解级联在茄科植物中会聚或在植物界非常古老。茄科植物Rcr3样蛋白酶的裂解区域中Asp残基的频繁发生表明SBT激活免疫蛋白酶是一个普遍的机制,阐明了提供强大的质外性免疫的蛋白水解级联反应。

更新日期:2020-07-22
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