Urinary tract infections (UTIs) mainly caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), are common bacterial infections. Many individuals suffer from chronically recurring UTIs, sometimes requiring long-term prophylactic antibiotic regimens. The global emergence of multi-drug resistant uropathogens in the last decade underlines the need for alternative non-antibiotic therapeutic and preventative strategies against UTIs. The research on non-antibiotic therapeutic options in UTIs has focused on the following phases of the pathogenesis: colonization, adherence of pathogens to uroepithelial cell receptors and invasion. In this review, we discuss vaccines, small compounds, nutraceuticals, immunomodulating agents, probiotics and bacteriophages, highlighting the challenges each of these approaches face. Most of these treatments show interesting but only preliminary results. Lactobacillus-containing products and cranberry products in conjunction with propolis have shown the most robust results to date and appear to be the most promising new alternative to currently used antibiotics. Larger efficacy clinical trials as well as studies on the interplay between non-antibiotic therapies, uropathogens and the host immune system are warranted.

主要由尿毒症引起的尿路感染（UTI） 大肠杆菌（UPEC），是常见的细菌感染。许多人患有慢性复发性尿路感染，有时需要长期的预防性抗生素治疗。在过去的十年中，全球出现了多药耐药性尿毒症，这凸显了对替代性非抗生素治疗和预防UTI的策略的需求。尿路感染中非抗生素治疗选择的研究集中于发病的以下阶段：定植，病原体对尿道上皮细胞受体的粘附和侵袭。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了疫苗，小化合物，营养药品，免疫调节剂，益生菌和噬菌体，着重介绍了这些方法所面临的挑战。这些治疗大多数显示出有趣的结果，但仅是初步结果。乳酸杆菌含s的产品和蔓越莓产品与蜂胶结合使用，迄今为止显示出最可靠的结果，并且似乎是目前使用的抗生素最有希望的新替代品。必须进行更大的疗效临床试验，以及有关非抗生素疗法，尿毒症和宿主免疫系统之间相互作用的研究。