Abstract The electron diffusion in the nanostructured photoanode of a dye-sensitized solar cell is affected by both the nanoparticle film morphology and the electron traps in the nanoparticles. The effect of the traps is to reduce the diffusion coefficient from its trap free value, which is deleterious to the cell performance. However, there is a time for the effect of the traps to be felt, which can be identified with a local or quasi equilibration time. We address this issue here and show how the volume of the nanoparticles, the equilibrium chemical potential and the temperature affect this time and can make the local equilibration time comparable to the electron transit time across the film.

中文翻译：

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在纳米结构半导体中扩散的电子是否有时间达到局部平衡？

摘要 染料敏化太阳能电池纳米结构光阳极中的电子扩散受纳米粒子薄膜形态和纳米粒子中电子陷阱的影响。陷阱的作用是降低其无陷阱值的扩散系数，这对电池性能有害。然而，有一段时间可以感受到陷阱的影响，这可以通过局部或准平衡时间来识别。我们在这里解决了这个问题，并展示了纳米颗粒的体积、平衡化学势和温度如何影响这个时间，并且可以使局部平衡时间与电子穿越薄膜的时间相当。