For a long time, human beings have been yearning for free regulation of light waves. But it is limited by poor performances of the natural materials. The emergence of two-dimensional(2D) synthetic nanomaterials greatly promotes the developments of light control technologies, which has dramatically improved the ability of human beings to control light. People can realize flexible regulation of the propagation speed or propagation direction of light wave in material, optical response and frequency, polarization state of light wave based on a series of novel photoelectric properties of 2D synthetic nanomaterials. So, 2D nanomaterials enabled light control technologies have become a research hotspot in recent years. In this review, we summarize the various technologies realized by 2D materials and introduce the related applications. We further analyze, compare these technologies. This review is aimed to give a generalized knowledge of 2D nanomaterials-enabled smart light regulation technologies and their current devices applications, and thus inspiring the exploration and development of other kinds of new light regulation devices and various novel applications. The challenges and the prospects of the future, especially the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in research and development of 2D materials, are also given.

长期以来，人们一直渴望自由调节光波。但这受天然材料性能差的限制。二维（2D）合成纳米材料的出现极大地促进了光控制技术的发展，极大地提高了人类控制光的能力。人们可以基于二维合成纳米材料的一系列新颖的光电特性，灵活地调节光在材料中的传播速度或传播方向，光响应和频率，光的偏振态。因此，近年来，基于二维纳米材料的光控制技术已成为研究热点。在这篇综述中，我们总结了2D材料实现的各种技术并介绍了相关的应用。我们进一步分析，比较这些技术。这篇综述的目的是对启用2D纳米材料的智能光调节技术及其当前设备应用提供一般性知识，从而启发其他类型的新型光调节设备和各种新颖应用的探索和开发。还给出了未来的挑战和前景，特别是人工智能（AI）在2D材料研发中的应用。