In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) modified with maleic acid was coated on polyethersulfone (PES) substrate as sub-layer to improve the water solubilization and salt rejection of forward osmosis (FO) membrane. Graphene oxide (GO) was added to the active layer (prepared by interfacial polymerization of ammonia monomer and acyl chloride monomer) to form nanochannels between GO and polymer matrix for transporting water molecules. On the basis of PVA sub-layer, the effects of GO content on the structure and desalination performance of FO membrane were investigated. When the GO was embedded with 500 ppm, the surface roughness of corresponding membrane (PES-PVA-PA (500)) reached the maximum among all modified membranes and hydrophilicity of the membrane surface was improved. From the analysis of FO performance, when the active layer containing GO formed on the PVA sub-layer, water flux of the membranes increased due to the existence of nanochannels and reverse salt permeation was blocked by GO sheet and PVA sub-layer. Correspondingly, the ratio of reverse salt flux (Js) to water flux (Jv) of PES-PVA-PA (500) achieved the minimum of 0.21 g/L compared with unmodified thin-film composite (TFC) membrane (0.67 g/L) which indicated that the desalination performance has been significantly improved.

在这项研究中，马来酸改性的聚乙烯醇（PVA）被涂在聚醚砜（PES）基底上作为子层，以改善正渗透（FO）膜的水溶解性和盐分排斥性。将氧化石墨烯（GO）添加到活性层（通过氨单体和酰氯单体的界面聚合制备），以在GO和聚合物基质之间形成用于传输水分子的纳米通道。在PVA底层的基础上，研究了GO含量对FO膜结构和脱盐性能的影响。当GO以500ppm包埋时，相应膜（PES-PVA-PA（500））的表面粗糙度在所有改性膜中达到最大，并且膜表面的亲水性得到改善。通过对财务业绩的分析，当在PVA子层上形成含GO的活性层时，由于存在纳米通道，膜的水通量增加，并且GO片和PVA子层阻止了盐的反向渗透。相应地，PES-PVA-PA（500）的反向盐通量（Js）与水通量（Jv）之比与未改性的薄膜复合（TFC）膜（0.67 g / L）相比达到最小0.21 g / L ），表明脱盐性能得到了显着改善。