Antibody-based interventions against SARS-CoV-2 could limit morbidity, mortality, and possibly transmission. An anticipated correlate of such countermeasures is the level of neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which engages with host ACE2 receptor for entry. Using an infectious molecular clone of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) expressing eGFP as a marker of infection, we replaced the glycoprotein gene (G) with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 (VSV-eGFP-SARS-CoV-2) and developed a high-throughput-imaging-based neutralization assay at biosafety level 2. We also developed a focus-reduction neutralization test with a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 at biosafety level 3. Comparing the neutralizing activities of various antibodies and ACE2-Fc soluble decoy protein in both assays revealed a high degree of concordance. These assays will help define correlates of protection for antibody-based countermeasures and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, replication-competent VSV-eGFP-SARS-CoV-2 provides a tool for testing inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 mediated entry under reduced biosafety containment.

基于抗体的针对 SARS-CoV-2 的干预措施可以限制发病率、死亡率和可能的传播。此类对策的预期相关性是针对 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白的中和抗体水平，该蛋白与宿主 ACE2 受体结合进入。使用表达 eGFP 的水泡性口炎病毒 (VSV) 感染性分子克隆作为感染标记，我们用 SARS-CoV-2 的刺突蛋白 (VSV-eGFP-SARS-CoV-2) 替换糖蛋白基因 (G)，我们开发了生物安全 2 级的基于高通量成像的中和试验。我们还开发了生物安全 3 级的 SARS-CoV-2 临床分离株的焦点减少中和试验。比较了各种抗体和 ACE2 的中和活性两种检测中的 Fc 可溶性诱饵蛋白均显示出高度的一致性。这些测定将有助于确定基于抗体的对策和 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的保护相关性。此外，具有复制能力的 VSV-eGFP-SARS-CoV-2 提供了一种工具，用于在降低的生物安全遏制条件下测试 SARS-CoV-2 介导的进入抑制剂。