Aedes aegypti develop in aquatic habitats in which mosquito larvae are exposed to physicochemical elements and microorganisms that may influence their life cycle and their ability to transmit arboviruses. Little is known about the natural bacterial communities associated with A. aegypti or their relation to the biotic and abiotic characteristics of their aquatic habitats. We characterized the physicochemical properties and bacterial microbiota of A. aegypti breeding sites and larvae on Guadeloupe and in French Guiana. In addition, we explored whether geographic location, the type of breeding site and physicochemical parameters influenced the microbiota associated with this mosquito species. We used large-scale 16S rRNA gene sequencing of 160 breeding sites and 147 pools of A. aegypti larvae and recorded 12 physicochemical parameters at the sampled breeding sites. Ordination plots and multiple linear regression were used to assess the influence of environmental factors on the bacterial microbiota of water and larvae. We found territory-specific differences in physicochemical properties (dissolved oxygen, conductivity) and the composition of bacterial communities in A. aegypti breeding sites that influenced the relative abundance of several bacteria genera (e.g., Methylobacterium, Roseoccocus) on the corresponding larvae. A significant fraction of the bacterial communities identified on larvae, dominated by Herbiconiux and Microvirga genera, were consistently enriched in mosquitoes regardless the location. In conclusion, territory-specific differences observed in the biotic and abiotic properties of A. aegypti breeding sites raise concern about the impact of these changes on pathogen transmission by different A. aegypti populations.

埃及伊蚊生长在水生生境中，其中蚊子幼虫暴露于可能影响其生命周期和传播虫媒病毒能力的理化元素和微生物。关于埃及伊蚊的天然细菌群落及其与水生生境的生物和非生物特征的关系知之甚少。我们表征了埃及伊蚊的理化特性和细菌菌群瓜德罗普岛和法属圭亚那的繁殖地和幼虫。此外，我们探讨了地理位置，繁殖地点的类型和理化参数是否会影响与此蚊虫物种相关的微生物群。我们使用了160个繁殖地和147个埃及伊蚊幼虫的大规模16S rRNA基因测序，并在采样的繁殖地记录了12个理化参数。使用排序图和多元线性回归来评估环境因素对水和幼虫细菌微生物群的影响。我们发现埃及埃及按蚊的理化特性（溶解氧，电导率）和细菌群落组成存在地区差异。会影响相应幼虫上几种细菌属（例如，甲基细菌，玫瑰球菌）的相对丰度的繁殖场所。在幼虫上确定的很大一部分细菌群落中，以Herbiconiux和Microvirga属为主，无论位置在哪里，蚊子中的细菌含量持续增加。总之，在埃及伊蚊的繁殖地点的生物和非生物特性中观察到的特定于地区的差异引起人们对这些变化对不同埃及伊蚊种群对病原体传播的影响的关注。