Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are a kind of materials which are widely used in many fields where the absorption of various aqueous solutions is prime importance. Given the fact that a great number of SAPs available on the global market are made from the poorly degradable and expensive materials, recently, there has been increasing interest in looking for low-cost and environmental friendly solutions in SAP production industry. In this study, three types of hybrid SAPs composites were synthesized through the graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) into three kinds of natural polysaccharides backbone chain, separately, which are: Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), Xyloglucan (XG), and Guar gum (GG) in an aqueous solution, with ammonium persulfate (APS) as the initiator, N,Nʹ-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as the cross-linker, and diatomite clay as an inorganic nano-filler. The FTIR and SEM characterization results suggested that three kinds of hybrid SAP composites were successfully synthesized with high porosity on the surface. The study about the capacity of water absorbent revealed that the optimized swelling ratios of the three superabsorbent composites (HEC-g-PAA/diatomite, XG-g-PAA/diatomite, and GG-g-PAA/diatomite) are 1174.85 \({\text{g}} \cdot {\text{g}}^{-1}\), 1057.06 \(\text{g} \cdot {\text{g}}^{-1}\), and 692.83 \(\text{g} \cdot {\text{g}}^{-1}\), respectively. In addition, the effect of each parameter such as polysaccharide species and the content of polysaccharide, initiator, cross-linker, diatomite and the degree of neutralization toward the water absorbency capacity of the obtained SAP were determined and discussed.

高吸收性聚合物（SAPs）是一种材料，广泛用于吸收各种水溶液至关重要的许多领域。鉴于全球市场上有大量的SAP是由可降解性差且价格昂贵的材料制成的，最近，人们对在SAP生产行业中寻找低成本和环境友好型解决方案的兴趣日益浓厚。在这项研究中，通过丙烯酸（AA）的接枝聚合分别合成三种天然多糖主链，合成了三种类型的SAPs复合材料：羟乙基纤维素（HEC），木葡聚糖（XG）和瓜尔胶（GG）在水溶液中，以过硫酸铵（APS）为引发剂，N，Nʹ-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺（MBA）作为交联剂，硅藻土作为无机纳米填料。FTIR和SEM表征结果表明，成功制备了三种高孔隙率杂化SAP复合材料。关于吸水能力的研究表明，三种高吸水复合材料（HEC-g-PAA /硅藻土，XG-g-PAA /硅藻土和GG-g-PAA /硅藻土）的最佳溶胀比为1174.85 \（{ \ text {g}} \ cdot {\ text {g}} ^ {-1} \），1057.06 \（\ text {g} \ cdot {\ text {g}} ^ {-1} \）和692.83 \（\ text {g} \ cdot {\ text {g}} ^ {-1} \）， 分别。另外，确定并讨论了诸如多糖种类和多糖含量，引发剂，交联剂，硅藻土以及中和度对获得的SAP的吸水能力的各个参数的影响。